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Understanding green inequality in dense urban cores: nonlinear and spatially interactive drivers of street-level greenness

  • Yilin Liu
  • , Lei Li*
  • , Zhaojie Shi
  • , Xi Deng
  • *Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › peer-review

Abstract

In dense urban cores with limited land, the distribution of visible street greenery remains poorly understood. Using Shanghai’s Huangpu District, this study quantifies the Green View Index from 77,256 street-view images at 19,314 sampling points. An interpretable framework combining Random Forest with SHAP and optimal-parameter GeoDetector is applied to examine nonlinear and spatially interactive mechanisms shaping green inequality. Results show a mean GVI of only 12.7% with pronounced green inequality. Vegetation abundance and landscape configuration are the dominant drivers, with nonlinear thresholds and factor interactions jointly shaping visible greenery.

Original languageEnglish
Number of pages20
JournalJournal of Urban Design
DOIs
Publication statusE-pub ahead of print - 9 Sept 2026

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

  1. SDG 15 - Life on Land
    SDG 15 Life on Land

User-Defined Keywords

  • Green view index
  • landscape pattern
  • machine learning
  • street view
  • urban greening

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