TY - JOUR
T1 - The State of Norm-Based Antismoking Research: Conceptual Frameworks, Research Designs, and Implications for Interventions
AU - Sheer, Vivian C.
N1 - Funding Information:
This project was supported by [GRF 12633816] University Grants Committee of Hong Kong.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2023/1/28
Y1 - 2023/1/28
N2 - This synthesis review examined 189 qualified studies on norms and smoking in terms of conceptual frameworks, types of social norms, research designs, dependent variables, independent variables and covariates, and findings related to norms. Results show that 7.9% were experimental, and the remaining were cross-sectional. By far, the reasoned action approach (RAA) was the most-cited theory, but RAA was not used to guide experimental designs. The social norms approach, norm focus theory, social cognitive theory guided the intervention experiments. Harmful norms were more frequently examined than healthful norms. Pro-smoking norms positively predicted smoking intentions and behaviors, whereas antismoking norms positively predicted antismoking intentions and behaviors. The over-application of RAA in cross-sectional antismoking research has yielded repetitive findings. Norm-based experiments can adopt other theoretical perspectives to offer insights into antismoking interventions. The RAA constructs are still applicable and can be integrated into intervention designs.
AB - This synthesis review examined 189 qualified studies on norms and smoking in terms of conceptual frameworks, types of social norms, research designs, dependent variables, independent variables and covariates, and findings related to norms. Results show that 7.9% were experimental, and the remaining were cross-sectional. By far, the reasoned action approach (RAA) was the most-cited theory, but RAA was not used to guide experimental designs. The social norms approach, norm focus theory, social cognitive theory guided the intervention experiments. Harmful norms were more frequently examined than healthful norms. Pro-smoking norms positively predicted smoking intentions and behaviors, whereas antismoking norms positively predicted antismoking intentions and behaviors. The over-application of RAA in cross-sectional antismoking research has yielded repetitive findings. Norm-based experiments can adopt other theoretical perspectives to offer insights into antismoking interventions. The RAA constructs are still applicable and can be integrated into intervention designs.
UR - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/routledg/hhth20/2023/00000038/00000002/art00011
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110671007&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/10410236.2021.1950296
DO - 10.1080/10410236.2021.1950296
M3 - Journal article
SN - 1041-0236
VL - 38
SP - 310
EP - 325
JO - Health Communication
JF - Health Communication
IS - 2
ER -