The Localisation, Transcreation and Adaptation of Cultural Realia in Video Games: The Case of Cultural (re)presentation in Arena of Valor

The implementation of localisation strategies is crucial for ensuring the success of software products in diverse markets. Over the last decade, Chinese mobile games have made notable strides in overseas markets, gaining significant momentum. Most of these creations were either first developed with Chinese players in mind, and then adjusted to better suit the preferences and expectations of international players or crafted from scratch to cater international audiences. However, a small number of such games were developed via a hybrid approach, requiring a mix of localisation, transcreation and adaptation processes. This chapter qualitatively explores some of the methods of cultural transcreation employed to deal with in-game realia (Pettini, The translation of realia and irrealia in game localisation: Culture-specificity between realism and fictionality. Routledge, 2021) in the mobile video game Arena of Valor (2016). The notion of cultural representation (Hall, Representation: Cultural representations and signifying practices. Sage, 1997) will be applied to this specific use case in relation to creation and transcreation to highlight how video game localisation approaches can transform Chinese entertainment products, and the possible effects of such changes on intercultural exchange. Finally, this chapter aims to bring attention to the challenges of implementing transcreative methods, as well as the potential areas for development in mobile game localisation and transcreation.