The Dyke-Pond Systems in South China: Past, Present and Future

The chapter reviews the past, present, and future of the dyke-pond system widely adopted in the southern part of China. In view of the recent socio-economic changes in South China, it is essential to utilize organic wastes as much as possible. Integrated farming systems involving agriculture as well as aquaculture should be encouraged. Organic wastes should be applied to land to improve both the chemical and physical properties of poor soils, and as pond fertilizer in fish polyculture. Waste and wastewater treatment facilities should be constructed in South China, together with close monitoring of pond water quality. Laws related to the use of chemical fertilizer, pesticides, and other undesirable chemicals—such as antibiotics and growth hormones—should be established and then enforced within the region through joint agreements between the Guangdong and Hong Kong governments. The availability of more data and information on the chemicals used in fish farming would be valuable for effective environmental and public health management. By disseminating correct information among farmers about the safe and effective use of antibiotics and other chemicals in fish farming, the use of antibiotics and hazardous chemicals could be significantly reduced without decreasing production yields.