TY - JOUR
T1 - The double-edged sword effect of indigo naturalis
AU - Xu, Yiqi
AU - Lin, Chengyuan
AU - Tan, Hor-Yue
AU - Bian, Zhao-xiang
N1 - The study was financially supported by the Health@InnoHK Initiative Fund of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government (ITC RC/IHK/4/7), Hong Kong SAR, China and Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2020B1111110003), China.
Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2024/3
Y1 - 2024/3
N2 - Indigo naturalis (IN) is a dried powder derived from plants such as Baphicacanthus cusia (Neeks) Bremek., Polygonum tinctorium Ait. and Isatis indigotica Fork. It has a historical application as a dye in ancient India, Egypt, Africa and China. Over time, it has been introduced to China and Japan for treatment of various ailments including hemoptysis, epistaxis, chest discomfort, and aphtha. Clinical and pre-clinical studies have widely demonstrated its promising effects on autoimmune diseases like psoriasis and Ulcerative colitis (UC). Despite the documented efficacy of IN in UC patients, concerns have been raised on the development of adverse effects with long term consumption, prompting a closer examination of its safety and tolerability in these contexts. This review aims to comprehensively assess the efficacy of IN in both clinical and pre-clinical settings, with a detailed exploration of the mechanisms of action involved. Additionally, it summarizes the observed potential toxicity of IN in animal and human settings was summarized. This review will deepen our understanding on the beneficial and detrimental effects of IN in UC, providing valuable insights for its future application in patients with this condition.
AB - Indigo naturalis (IN) is a dried powder derived from plants such as Baphicacanthus cusia (Neeks) Bremek., Polygonum tinctorium Ait. and Isatis indigotica Fork. It has a historical application as a dye in ancient India, Egypt, Africa and China. Over time, it has been introduced to China and Japan for treatment of various ailments including hemoptysis, epistaxis, chest discomfort, and aphtha. Clinical and pre-clinical studies have widely demonstrated its promising effects on autoimmune diseases like psoriasis and Ulcerative colitis (UC). Despite the documented efficacy of IN in UC patients, concerns have been raised on the development of adverse effects with long term consumption, prompting a closer examination of its safety and tolerability in these contexts. This review aims to comprehensively assess the efficacy of IN in both clinical and pre-clinical settings, with a detailed exploration of the mechanisms of action involved. Additionally, it summarizes the observed potential toxicity of IN in animal and human settings was summarized. This review will deepen our understanding on the beneficial and detrimental effects of IN in UC, providing valuable insights for its future application in patients with this condition.
KW - Dye
KW - Efficacy
KW - Indigo naturalis
KW - Toxicity
KW - Ulcerative colitis
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85183966626&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114476
DO - 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114476
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38301993
SN - 0278-6915
VL - 185
JO - Food and Chemical Toxicology
JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology
M1 - 114476
ER -
