TY - JOUR
T1 - Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol Levels in Tunisian Elderly Male Patients With Mild Alzheimer’s Disease. Implications of Musical Therapy And/Or Physical Rehabilitation
AU - Chéour, Sarah
AU - Chéour, Chouaieb
AU - Kilani, Chiraz
AU - Guemri, Aymen
AU - Zineddine, Dawser
AU - Khélifa, Riadh
AU - Supriya, Rashmi
AU - Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
AU - Chéour, Foued
AU - Baker, Julien S.
AU - Gaied-Chortane, Sabri
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tunisia.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2022 Chéour, Chéour, Kilani, Guemri, Zineddine, Khélifa, Supriya, Bragazzi, Chéour, Baker and Gaied-Chortane.
PY - 2022/8/5
Y1 - 2022/8/5
N2 - Changes in salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) levels were assessed in elderly Tunisian male patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) subjected to music therapy and/or physical rehabilitation. Male patients with mild AD (N = 26; age = 76.23 ± 4.27 years; weight: 74.76 ± 5.36 kg) were randomly assigned into four groups for three 60-min sessions per week for 4 months; including Group1 or control group (Co) (n = 6); Group2 (n = 6), participated in physical rehabilitation (PR); Group3 (n = 7), subjected to music therapy (MT) and Group4 (n = 7), participated simultaneously in music therapy and physical rehabilitation (MT + PR). Salivary T levels increased (ηp2 = 0.7) and C levels decreased (ηp2 = 0.69), significantly (p < 0.001) in the PR, MT and MT + PR groups compared to the Co group respectively. Also, increases in salivary T levels and decreases in C levels in MT + PR group were greater compared to the other groups. MT increased T levels (p < 0.001) and decreased C levels (p < 0.05) to a greater extent than the PR group respectively. Changes in salivary T levels were positively (r = 0.83; p < 0.001) and C levels were negatively (r = -0.86; p < 0.001) correlated in the PR, MT and MT + PR groups with changes in MMSE in AD patients. This study highlights that combination of MT and PR holds potential to treat AD.
AB - Changes in salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) levels were assessed in elderly Tunisian male patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) subjected to music therapy and/or physical rehabilitation. Male patients with mild AD (N = 26; age = 76.23 ± 4.27 years; weight: 74.76 ± 5.36 kg) were randomly assigned into four groups for three 60-min sessions per week for 4 months; including Group1 or control group (Co) (n = 6); Group2 (n = 6), participated in physical rehabilitation (PR); Group3 (n = 7), subjected to music therapy (MT) and Group4 (n = 7), participated simultaneously in music therapy and physical rehabilitation (MT + PR). Salivary T levels increased (ηp2 = 0.7) and C levels decreased (ηp2 = 0.69), significantly (p < 0.001) in the PR, MT and MT + PR groups compared to the Co group respectively. Also, increases in salivary T levels and decreases in C levels in MT + PR group were greater compared to the other groups. MT increased T levels (p < 0.001) and decreased C levels (p < 0.05) to a greater extent than the PR group respectively. Changes in salivary T levels were positively (r = 0.83; p < 0.001) and C levels were negatively (r = -0.86; p < 0.001) correlated in the PR, MT and MT + PR groups with changes in MMSE in AD patients. This study highlights that combination of MT and PR holds potential to treat AD.
KW - alzheimer disease
KW - cortisol
KW - elderly male patients
KW - music therapy
KW - physical rehabilitation
KW - testosterone
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136512324&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fphys.2022.839099
DO - 10.3389/fphys.2022.839099
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 35991172
SN - 1664-042X
VL - 13
JO - Frontiers in Physiology
JF - Frontiers in Physiology
M1 - 839099
ER -