Proteomic analysis identifies proteins related to carotenoid accumulation in Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis)

Carotenoids are powerful antioxidants that affect many physiological functions. As an important source of natural carotenoids, marine mollusks contain various types of carotenoids and are receiving increasing research attention. To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying carotenoid accumulation in marine mollusks, a new variety of carotenoid-enriched Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis), named "Haida golden scallop", was used in this study. A proteomic approach was applied to explore the differences between the new variety and common individuals, resulting in seven differentially expressed proteins. Real-time PCR showed that four of the corresponding genes were also significantly up-regulated at the mRNA level in the new variety. Genes involved in various biological processes, such as lipid and glucose metabolism, protein-folding and degradation, were altered. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) may play a vital role in these changes. This study represents the first step towards future work on the genetic basis of carotenoid accumulation in marine mollusks.