Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and its alternatives and child neurodevelopment at 2 years

While increasing evidence has shown that prenatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure is adversely associated with child neurodevelopment, little is known about the neurodevelopmental effects of BPA alternatives, such as bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF). We aimed to evaluate the relationships of repeated measurements of bisphenol exposure during pregnancy with child neurodevelopment. From 2014–2015, 456 mother-child pairs were included in the present study. Each had a spot urine sample in the first, second, and third trimester, respectively, during pregnancy for BPA, BPS, and BPF measurements. Children's neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development at 2 years. In adjusted models, children's psychomotor development index scores decreased across quartiles of BPS concentrations [-5.52 (95 % CI: -10.06, -0.99) in the 4th quartile vs. 1 st quartile, P-trend = 0.01]. Each 10-fold increase in BPA concentrations was related to lower mental development index scores only in the second trimester [-2.87 (95 % CI: -4.98, -0.75), P_{trimester-int} = 0.04]. However, prenatal BPF exposure was not significantly associated with child neurodevelopment. We provide evidence that prenatal exposure to BPA and BPS may affect child neurodevelopment.