TY - JOUR
T1 - Parabens exposure in early pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus
AU - Liu, Wenyu
AU - Zhou, Yanqiu
AU - Li, Jiufeng
AU - Sun, Xiaojie
AU - Liu, Hongxiu
AU - Jiang, Yangqian
AU - Peng, Yang
AU - Zhao, Hongzhi
AU - Xia, Wei
AU - Li, Yuanyuan
AU - CAI, Zongwei
AU - Xu, Shunqing
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank all of the participants in this study and all of the collaborators at the study hospital. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 21437002 , 91743103 , and 91643207 ), the National Key Research and Development Plan ( 2016YFC0206203 and 2016YFC0206700 ), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities , HUST ( 2016YXZD043 and 2018KFYXMPT00 ).
PY - 2019/5
Y1 - 2019/5
N2 - Background: Widespread exposure to parabens has been a concern, especially among pregnant women. Only one study reported that parabens are associated with glucose levels among pregnant women. However, studies on parabens exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are lacking. Objectives: This study investigated whether exposure to parabens in early pregnancy is related to GDM. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 1087 pregnant women from a single tertiary medical center between 2014 and 2015 in Wuhan, China. Parabens [methyl paraben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP), butylparaben (BuP), and benzylparaben (BzP)] concentrations were measured in spot urine samples collected between 8 and 16 gestational weeks. GDM was diagnosed according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel (IADPSG) recommendations. We used the Poisson regression with a robust error variance with generalized estimating equations (GEE) estimation analyses to evaluate associations between parabens exposure and GDM risk. Results: A total of 103 (9.5%) women were diagnosed with GDM. We evaluated the associations of GDM risk with urinary MeP, EtP, and PrP (detection rate: >90%), but not with BuP and BzP due to the relatively low detection rate (<50%). After adjustment for potential confounders, urinary EtP was associated with GDM. The risk ratios (RRs) = 1.12 (95% CI: 0.63, 2.01) for the second quartile, RRs = 1.11 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.93) for the third quartile, and RRs = 1.70 (95% CI: 1.02, 2.82) for the highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile. There was no evidence of associations between urinary MeP or PrP and GDM. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an association between urinary paraben levels in early pregnancy and GDM. Our findings suggest that exposure to EtP may increase the risk of GDM.
AB - Background: Widespread exposure to parabens has been a concern, especially among pregnant women. Only one study reported that parabens are associated with glucose levels among pregnant women. However, studies on parabens exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are lacking. Objectives: This study investigated whether exposure to parabens in early pregnancy is related to GDM. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of 1087 pregnant women from a single tertiary medical center between 2014 and 2015 in Wuhan, China. Parabens [methyl paraben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP), butylparaben (BuP), and benzylparaben (BzP)] concentrations were measured in spot urine samples collected between 8 and 16 gestational weeks. GDM was diagnosed according to the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel (IADPSG) recommendations. We used the Poisson regression with a robust error variance with generalized estimating equations (GEE) estimation analyses to evaluate associations between parabens exposure and GDM risk. Results: A total of 103 (9.5%) women were diagnosed with GDM. We evaluated the associations of GDM risk with urinary MeP, EtP, and PrP (detection rate: >90%), but not with BuP and BzP due to the relatively low detection rate (<50%). After adjustment for potential confounders, urinary EtP was associated with GDM. The risk ratios (RRs) = 1.12 (95% CI: 0.63, 2.01) for the second quartile, RRs = 1.11 (95% CI: 0.64, 1.93) for the third quartile, and RRs = 1.70 (95% CI: 1.02, 2.82) for the highest quartile, compared with the lowest quartile. There was no evidence of associations between urinary MeP or PrP and GDM. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an association between urinary paraben levels in early pregnancy and GDM. Our findings suggest that exposure to EtP may increase the risk of GDM.
KW - Gestational diabetes mellitus
KW - Parabens
KW - Prospective cohort study
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85062265948&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.040
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.02.040
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30844582
AN - SCOPUS:85062265948
SN - 0160-4120
VL - 126
SP - 468
EP - 475
JO - Environment International
JF - Environment International
ER -
