Abstract
Sultan Abdülaziz, 1863 yılında gerçekleştirdiği Mısır seyahatinin güzergahına son anda İzmir'i de dahil eder. 1850’de selefi Sultan Abdülmecid'in şehri ziyaret edişinin üzerinden geçen sürede İzmir'de pek çok değişiklik olmuş; belki de bu değişikliklerden en önemlisi, şehrin ilk demiryolu devreye girmiştir. Hem Osmanlı Devletinin modernleşme çabalarının hem de Kırım Savaşı sonrasında İngilizlerle olan yakınlaşmaların bir sonucu olan bu demiryolunun siyasi ve ekonomik önemi aşikardır. Bunların ötesinde, İzmir'i bereketli Menderes vadisi üzerinden Aydına bağlayan bu demiryolu hem İzmir'deki kentsel yaşamı hem de bölgedeki hayatı derinden etkiler. Ancak demiryolu inşaatının ilk yılları çok zorlu geçer ve yaşanan sıkıntılar, demiryolunun imajını olumsuz olarak etkiler. Bu durumla mücadele edebilmek için demiryolu şirketi şölen ve kutlamalar etrafında odaklanan yoğun bir kampanya başlatır ve demiryolunun ilk lokomotifinin şehre gelmesi, demiryolu inşaasına başlanması, Alsancak Garı'nın temel atımı gibi vesilelerle şaşaalı merasim ve törenler düzenlenir. Haliyle, Sultan Abdülaziz'in İzmir'i ziyareti demiryolu şirketinin yöneticileri tarafından büyük bir fırsat olarak görülür ve organize edilen kutlamalar demiryolu şirketinin halkla ilişkiler kampanyasının doruk noktası olur. Bu makale, İzmir-Aydın hattının yapımında yaşanan sıkıntıları ve sonrasında demiryolu şirketinin kamuoyunda oluşan olumsuz kanaati hafifletme çabalarını Sultan Abdülaziz'in ziyareti üzerinden irdeleyip Anadolu'nun ilk demiryolunun çetrefilli gelişimini ortaya koyar.
In 1863, Sultan Abdulaziz announced his intention to include the eastern Mediterranean port city of Izmir on the itinerary of his Egyptian voyage. Since the last sultanic visit in 1850, much had changed in the city - perhaps most significantly demonstrated by the introduction of the city’s first railway. This railway was born out of a confluence of Ottoman modernization ambitions and a rapprochement with the British following the Crimean War and had a range of political and economic implications. Simultaneously, by connecting the port city of Izmir to the provincial market town of Aydın through the fertile Meander River valley, this railway not only altered urban life in Izmir but also the lifeways of this entire region. However, the early years of railway construction in the region were marred by a series of challenges. One of the strategies that the company adopted to remedy the negative public opinion was to launch a series of spectacles. The arrival of the first locomotive in the city, the laying of the cornerstone for the railway terminus, turning of the first clod of earth, and the opening railway were all considered opportunities for lavish celebrations aiming to gain local support for the railway. With all these factors in play, it is not surprising that the railway company would devote an extraordinary amount of effort and resources to usurp the center stage in the celebrations triggered by Abdulaziz’s visit in an attempt to gain legitimacy through their association with the Sultan. This article delves into the complicated history of the first railway in Anatolia by exploring the challenges encountered during the construction of the Izmir-Aydın line and the railway company’s endeavors to mitigate negative public opinion through the celebrations organized around the visit of Sultan Abdulaziz.
In 1863, Sultan Abdulaziz announced his intention to include the eastern Mediterranean port city of Izmir on the itinerary of his Egyptian voyage. Since the last sultanic visit in 1850, much had changed in the city - perhaps most significantly demonstrated by the introduction of the city’s first railway. This railway was born out of a confluence of Ottoman modernization ambitions and a rapprochement with the British following the Crimean War and had a range of political and economic implications. Simultaneously, by connecting the port city of Izmir to the provincial market town of Aydın through the fertile Meander River valley, this railway not only altered urban life in Izmir but also the lifeways of this entire region. However, the early years of railway construction in the region were marred by a series of challenges. One of the strategies that the company adopted to remedy the negative public opinion was to launch a series of spectacles. The arrival of the first locomotive in the city, the laying of the cornerstone for the railway terminus, turning of the first clod of earth, and the opening railway were all considered opportunities for lavish celebrations aiming to gain local support for the railway. With all these factors in play, it is not surprising that the railway company would devote an extraordinary amount of effort and resources to usurp the center stage in the celebrations triggered by Abdulaziz’s visit in an attempt to gain legitimacy through their association with the Sultan. This article delves into the complicated history of the first railway in Anatolia by exploring the challenges encountered during the construction of the Izmir-Aydın line and the railway company’s endeavors to mitigate negative public opinion through the celebrations organized around the visit of Sultan Abdulaziz.
Translated title of the contribution | The First Railway Experience of the Ottomans: The Troubled Beginnings of the Izmir-Aydın Line |
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Original language | Turkish |
Pages (from-to) | 8-24 |
Number of pages | 17 |
Journal | Toplumsal Tarih Akademi |
Issue number | 2 |
Publication status | Published - 29 Jun 2023 |
User-Defined Keywords
- İzmir
- Aydın
- demiryolu
- teknoloji
- Sultan Abdülaziz
- railway
- technology