TY - JOUR
T1 - Older adult patient preferences for the content and format of prescription medication labels – A best-worst scaling and discrete choice experiment study
AU - Malhotra, Rahul
AU - Suppiah, Sumithra Devi
AU - Tan, Yi Wen
AU - Sung, Pildoo
AU - Tay, Sarah Siew Cheng
AU - Tan, Ngiap Chuan
AU - Koh, Gerald Choon Huat
AU - Chan, Alexandre
AU - Chew, Lita Sui Tjien
AU - Ozdemir, Semra
AU - PROMISE Study Group
AU - Weninger, Csilla
AU - Bek, Esther Siew Joo
AU - Tang, Imel
AU - Allen, John Carson
AU - Johari, Juliana Bte
AU - Chan, Kuan Cheong
AU - Vaillancourt, Régis
AU - Lee, Ting Yee
AU - Tan, Valerie Shu Ying
AU - Ang, Wee Ping
AU - Tang, Wern Ee
N1 - Prescription Medication Label Improvement for Singaporean Elderly (PROMISE) is funded by a Ministry of Health, Singapore sub-award through the Centre for Ageing Research & Education ( CARE ), Duke-NUS Medical School.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2023/11
Y1 - 2023/11
N2 - Background: Patient preferences for the content and format of prescription medication labels (PMLs, i.e., sticker labels placed on medication bottles/packets at dispensing) have been extensively studied. However, accommodating all preferences on PMLs is impractical due to space limitations. Understanding how patients prioritise the content and format attributes of PMLs can inform improvements while working within PML space constraints. Objectives: We aimed to (1) identify a ranking of medication-related content attributes to be prioritised on PMLs using best-worst scaling (BWS), and (2) determine the relative importance of format attributes when incorporated onto PMLs using discrete choice experiment (DCE), from the perspective of older adult patients in Singapore. Methods: Attributes were informed by our prior qualitative study and PML best practice guidelines. For the BWS component, the assessed content attributes were indication, precautions, interaction or paired medicines, food instructions, side effects, expiry date, and missed dose action, all of which are currently not legally mandated on PMLs in Singapore. A BWS object case was used to rank the content attributes. For the DCE component, in a series of questions, participants were asked to choose between two PML options each time, that varied in the presentation of dosage-frequency instructions, font size, presentation of dosage, presentation of precautions, and font colour of precautions. A mixed logit model estimated the relative utilities of format attribute levels, enabling the calculation of importance scores of the format attributes. Results: The study recruited 280 participants (mean age: 68.8 ± 5.4 years). The three most-preferred content attributes were indication, precautions and interaction or paired medicines. The top three format preferences were tabular style presentation of dosage-frequency instructions, large font size and precautions in red colour. Conclusions: Healthcare institutions should consider improving their PMLs based on the leading content and format preferences voiced by older adult patients. The methodology adopted in the study can also be used for aligning the content and format of other patient education materials with patient preferences.
AB - Background: Patient preferences for the content and format of prescription medication labels (PMLs, i.e., sticker labels placed on medication bottles/packets at dispensing) have been extensively studied. However, accommodating all preferences on PMLs is impractical due to space limitations. Understanding how patients prioritise the content and format attributes of PMLs can inform improvements while working within PML space constraints. Objectives: We aimed to (1) identify a ranking of medication-related content attributes to be prioritised on PMLs using best-worst scaling (BWS), and (2) determine the relative importance of format attributes when incorporated onto PMLs using discrete choice experiment (DCE), from the perspective of older adult patients in Singapore. Methods: Attributes were informed by our prior qualitative study and PML best practice guidelines. For the BWS component, the assessed content attributes were indication, precautions, interaction or paired medicines, food instructions, side effects, expiry date, and missed dose action, all of which are currently not legally mandated on PMLs in Singapore. A BWS object case was used to rank the content attributes. For the DCE component, in a series of questions, participants were asked to choose between two PML options each time, that varied in the presentation of dosage-frequency instructions, font size, presentation of dosage, presentation of precautions, and font colour of precautions. A mixed logit model estimated the relative utilities of format attribute levels, enabling the calculation of importance scores of the format attributes. Results: The study recruited 280 participants (mean age: 68.8 ± 5.4 years). The three most-preferred content attributes were indication, precautions and interaction or paired medicines. The top three format preferences were tabular style presentation of dosage-frequency instructions, large font size and precautions in red colour. Conclusions: Healthcare institutions should consider improving their PMLs based on the leading content and format preferences voiced by older adult patients. The methodology adopted in the study can also be used for aligning the content and format of other patient education materials with patient preferences.
KW - Best-worst scaling
KW - Discrete choice experiment
KW - Patient preference
KW - Pharmacy practice
KW - Prescription medication labels
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85171392196&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.07.009
DO - 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.07.009
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37507340
AN - SCOPUS:85171392196
SN - 1551-7411
VL - 19
SP - 1455
EP - 1464
JO - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
JF - Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy
IS - 11
ER -
