TY - JOUR
T1 - Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and their phosphorylated metabolites in human immunodeficiency virus-infected human matrices
AU - Lai, Jiaping
AU - Wang, Jun
AU - CAI, Zongwei
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2008/6/1
Y1 - 2008/6/1
N2 - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the common treatment strategy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients at present. Generally, HAART regimens apply multitherapy drugs that contain nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs). Unlike NNRTIs and PIs, the active form of NRTIs is not the drug itself but its triphosphorylated (TP) metabolites in intracellular medium. Analysis of both the prodrugs or NRTIs and their intracellular metabolites is needed to provide overall information in pharmacokinetic and therapeutic effects to HIV-infected patients. Numerous publications have reported the assays for NRTIs and their phosphorylated metabolites in various biological matrices. The methods involved liquid chromatography (LC) with UV detection (LC-UV), LC with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), capillary electrophoresis/electrochromatography (CE/CEC) with UV detection (CE/CEC-UV) or/and MS/MS detection (CE-MS/MS). Due to the extremely low concentration of NRTIs and the phosphorylated metabolites as well as the complex biological matrices, sample pretreatment methods such as protein precipitation (PP), liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) have played important role in the successful analytical method development.
AB - Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is the common treatment strategy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients at present. Generally, HAART regimens apply multitherapy drugs that contain nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs). Unlike NNRTIs and PIs, the active form of NRTIs is not the drug itself but its triphosphorylated (TP) metabolites in intracellular medium. Analysis of both the prodrugs or NRTIs and their intracellular metabolites is needed to provide overall information in pharmacokinetic and therapeutic effects to HIV-infected patients. Numerous publications have reported the assays for NRTIs and their phosphorylated metabolites in various biological matrices. The methods involved liquid chromatography (LC) with UV detection (LC-UV), LC with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), capillary electrophoresis/electrochromatography (CE/CEC) with UV detection (CE/CEC-UV) or/and MS/MS detection (CE-MS/MS). Due to the extremely low concentration of NRTIs and the phosphorylated metabolites as well as the complex biological matrices, sample pretreatment methods such as protein precipitation (PP), liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE) have played important role in the successful analytical method development.
KW - Electrophoresis/electrochromatography
KW - High performance liquid chromatography
KW - Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
KW - Phosphorylated metabolites
KW - Tandem mass spectrometry
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=44449091058&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.04.012
DO - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.04.012
M3 - Review article
C2 - 18472315
AN - SCOPUS:44449091058
SN - 1570-0232
VL - 868
SP - 1
EP - 12
JO - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
JF - Journal of Chromatography B: Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences
IS - 1-2
ER -