Neo-patrimonialism and Securitization in the Democratic Republic of Congo

This study examines the intricate relationship between neo-patrimonial political culture and securitization processes in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (D.R.C.). Drawing on securitization theory adapted for African contexts and neo-patrimonial governance frameworks, this analysis demonstrates how political elites in the D.R.C. instrumentalize security threats to maintain power, extract resources, and preserve patronage networks. The research reveals that securitization in the D.R.C. operates through personalized threat construction, selective security provision, and the co-optation of both state and non-state security actors. Unlike the institutionalized securitization processes found in liberal democratic states, the D.R.C.’s approach is characterized by ad hoc responses, narrow circles of securitizing actors, and emergency measures that serve elite interests rather than national security objectives. This study contributes to understanding how neo-patrimonial systems shape security governance in post-colonial African states and offers insights into the persistence of conflict and instability in the Great Lakes region.