TY - JOUR
T1 - Metasurface holograms reaching 80% efficiency
AU - Zheng, Guoxing
AU - Mühlenbernd, Holger
AU - Kenney, Mitchell
AU - Li, Guixin
AU - Zentgraf, Thomas
AU - Zhang, Shuang
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was partly supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/J018473/1). The authors thank L. Zhu and W. He for discussions. H.M. and T.Z. acknowledge financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Research Training Group GRK1464. S.Z. and T.Z. acknowledge support from the European Commission under the Marie Curie Career Integration Program. S.Z. acknowledges financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 61328503).
PY - 2015/4/9
Y1 - 2015/4/9
N2 - Surfaces covered by ultrathin plasmonic structures - so-called metasurfaces - have recently been shown to be capable of completely controlling the phase of light, representing a new paradigm for the design of innovative optical elements such as ultrathin flat lenses, directional couplers for surface plasmon polaritons and wave plate vortex beam generation. Among the various types of metasurfaces, geometric metasurfaces, which consist of an array of plasmonic nanorods with spatially varying orientations, have shown superior phase control due to the geometric nature of their phase profile. Metasurfaces have recently been used to make computer-generated holograms, but the hologram efficiency remained too low at visible wavelengths for practical purposes. Here, we report the design and realization of a geometric metasurface hologram reaching diffraction efficiencies of 80% at 825 nm and a broad bandwidth between 630 nm and 1,050 nm. The 16-level-phase computer-generated hologram demonstrated here combines the advantages of a geometric metasurface for the superior control of the phase profile and of reflectarrays for achieving high polarization conversion efficiency. Specifically, the design of the hologram integrates a ground metal plane with a geometric metasurface that enhances the conversion efficiency between the two circular polarization states, leading to high diffraction efficiency without complicating the fabrication process. Because of these advantages, our strategy could be viable for various practical holographic applications.
AB - Surfaces covered by ultrathin plasmonic structures - so-called metasurfaces - have recently been shown to be capable of completely controlling the phase of light, representing a new paradigm for the design of innovative optical elements such as ultrathin flat lenses, directional couplers for surface plasmon polaritons and wave plate vortex beam generation. Among the various types of metasurfaces, geometric metasurfaces, which consist of an array of plasmonic nanorods with spatially varying orientations, have shown superior phase control due to the geometric nature of their phase profile. Metasurfaces have recently been used to make computer-generated holograms, but the hologram efficiency remained too low at visible wavelengths for practical purposes. Here, we report the design and realization of a geometric metasurface hologram reaching diffraction efficiencies of 80% at 825 nm and a broad bandwidth between 630 nm and 1,050 nm. The 16-level-phase computer-generated hologram demonstrated here combines the advantages of a geometric metasurface for the superior control of the phase profile and of reflectarrays for achieving high polarization conversion efficiency. Specifically, the design of the hologram integrates a ground metal plane with a geometric metasurface that enhances the conversion efficiency between the two circular polarization states, leading to high diffraction efficiency without complicating the fabrication process. Because of these advantages, our strategy could be viable for various practical holographic applications.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84927176325&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/nnano.2015.2
DO - 10.1038/nnano.2015.2
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:84927176325
SN - 1748-3387
VL - 10
SP - 308
EP - 312
JO - Nature Nanotechnology
JF - Nature Nanotechnology
IS - 4
ER -