TY - JOUR
T1 - Longitudinal modifiable risk and protective factors of internet gaming disorder
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Zhuang, Xiaoyu
AU - Zhang, Youmin
AU - Tang, Xinfeng
AU - Ng, Ting Kin
AU - Lin, Jiaxi
AU - Yang, Xue
N1 - This study was funded by the Health and Medical Research Fund [#16171001] and [#17180791], General Research Fund [#14607319] and [#14609820], and
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation [#2022A1515111036].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s).
PY - 2023/6/29
Y1 - 2023/6/29
N2 - Background and aims: The study aims to thoroughly understand the causal and precedent modifiable risk or protective factors for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), a newly defined and prevalent mental disorder. Methods: We performed a systematic review on quality-designed longitudinal studies based on five online databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies were included in the meta-analysis if they addressed IGD, adopted longitudinal, prospective, or cohort study designs, presented modifiable factors of IGD, and reported the effect sizes for correlations. Pooled Pearson's correlations were calculated using the random effects model. Results: Thirty-nine studies with 37,042 subjects were included. We identified 34 modifiable factors, including 23 intrapersonal factors (e.g., gaming time, loneliness, etc.), 10 interpersonal factors (e.g., peer relationship, social support, etc.), and 1 environmental factor (i.e., school engagement). Age, the male ratio, study region, and study years were significant moderators. Discussion and conclusions: Intrapersonal factors were stronger predictors than interpersonal and environmental factors. It may imply that individual-based theories are more powerful to explain the development of IGD. Longitudinal research on the environmental factors of IGD was lacking; more studies are warranted. The identified modifiable factors would help to guide effective interventions for IGD reduction and prevention.
AB - Background and aims: The study aims to thoroughly understand the causal and precedent modifiable risk or protective factors for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), a newly defined and prevalent mental disorder. Methods: We performed a systematic review on quality-designed longitudinal studies based on five online databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies were included in the meta-analysis if they addressed IGD, adopted longitudinal, prospective, or cohort study designs, presented modifiable factors of IGD, and reported the effect sizes for correlations. Pooled Pearson's correlations were calculated using the random effects model. Results: Thirty-nine studies with 37,042 subjects were included. We identified 34 modifiable factors, including 23 intrapersonal factors (e.g., gaming time, loneliness, etc.), 10 interpersonal factors (e.g., peer relationship, social support, etc.), and 1 environmental factor (i.e., school engagement). Age, the male ratio, study region, and study years were significant moderators. Discussion and conclusions: Intrapersonal factors were stronger predictors than interpersonal and environmental factors. It may imply that individual-based theories are more powerful to explain the development of IGD. Longitudinal research on the environmental factors of IGD was lacking; more studies are warranted. The identified modifiable factors would help to guide effective interventions for IGD reduction and prevention.
KW - meta-analysis
KW - modifiable factors
KW - internet gaming disorder
KW - behavioural addiction
KW - longitudinal studies
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85161415607&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1556/2006.2023.00017
DO - 10.1556/2006.2023.00017
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37224007
AN - SCOPUS:85161415607
SN - 2062-5871
VL - 12
SP - 375
EP - 392
JO - Journal of Behavioral Addictions
JF - Journal of Behavioral Addictions
IS - 2
ER -
