TY - JOUR
T1 - Leveraging cloud-based computing and spatial modeling approaches for land surface temperature disparities in response to land cover change
T2 - Evidence from Pakistan
AU - Waleed, Mirza
AU - Sajjad, Muhammad
N1 - Funding Information:
No specific funds were available to conduct this research. The first author is thankful to all the institutes (mentioned within the text) for the provisioning of relevant data to carry out this valuable study. The research is conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. All the data used for several analyses are freely available and the resources are mentioned within the paper. The produced up-to-date LULC data are available upon request from the corresponding author for non-commercial research purposes.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Monitoring spatial-temporal land use land cover (LULC) patterns and related processes (e.g., land surface temperature—LST) is essential to sustainable development at local, regional, and national levels. In this context, the present study leverages cloud-computing-based Google Earth Engine and geo-information modelling techniques to provide spatial-temporal insights regarding LULC and LST over the past three decades (1990–2020) in Pakistan—a south Asian country with ∼212 million people. Additionally, using Punjab province (the most populous and developed in Pakistan) as the study area, we empirically evaluate the association between several LULC types (i.e., built-up, forests, agriculture, rangeland, barren, and water) and LST. Our results show that due to the transition from rangeland and agriculture LULC to built-up areas (contributing 38 and 37%, respectively), ∼250% increase is observed in the impervious surface in Punjab during 1990–2020. While the rapid urbanization has resulted in ∼8.5 percent annual increase in built-up area during the study period, the highest percent change (∼10.5%) occurred during the most recent decade (i.e., 2010–2020). This increase in built-up areas has led to LST rise with 1.4 °C increase in maximum annual LST in Punjab. In addition, among the evaluated top-20 cities, the most significant rise in LST is observed by Kasur city followed by Chiniot, Sheikhupura, Sahiwal, and Lahore—areas known for industrial development in Pakistan. While the results on LULC provide important references for rational and optimal utilization of land resource via policy implications, the association between LULC and LST ascertains why it is critical to design sustainable LULC planning and management practices for climate change mitigation and adaptation.
AB - Monitoring spatial-temporal land use land cover (LULC) patterns and related processes (e.g., land surface temperature—LST) is essential to sustainable development at local, regional, and national levels. In this context, the present study leverages cloud-computing-based Google Earth Engine and geo-information modelling techniques to provide spatial-temporal insights regarding LULC and LST over the past three decades (1990–2020) in Pakistan—a south Asian country with ∼212 million people. Additionally, using Punjab province (the most populous and developed in Pakistan) as the study area, we empirically evaluate the association between several LULC types (i.e., built-up, forests, agriculture, rangeland, barren, and water) and LST. Our results show that due to the transition from rangeland and agriculture LULC to built-up areas (contributing 38 and 37%, respectively), ∼250% increase is observed in the impervious surface in Punjab during 1990–2020. While the rapid urbanization has resulted in ∼8.5 percent annual increase in built-up area during the study period, the highest percent change (∼10.5%) occurred during the most recent decade (i.e., 2010–2020). This increase in built-up areas has led to LST rise with 1.4 °C increase in maximum annual LST in Punjab. In addition, among the evaluated top-20 cities, the most significant rise in LST is observed by Kasur city followed by Chiniot, Sheikhupura, Sahiwal, and Lahore—areas known for industrial development in Pakistan. While the results on LULC provide important references for rational and optimal utilization of land resource via policy implications, the association between LULC and LST ascertains why it is critical to design sustainable LULC planning and management practices for climate change mitigation and adaptation.
KW - Geographic information systems
KW - Google earth engine
KW - LST
KW - LULC
KW - Remote sensing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85119397926&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.rsase.2021.100665
DO - 10.1016/j.rsase.2021.100665
M3 - Journal article
SN - 2352-9385
VL - 25
JO - Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment
JF - Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment
M1 - 100665
ER -