TY - JOUR
T1 - Large-scale land-sea interactions extend ozone pollution duration in coastal cities along northern China
AU - Zheng, Yanhua
AU - Jiang, Fei
AU - Feng, Shuzhuang
AU - Shen, Yang
AU - Liu, Huan
AU - Guo, Hai
AU - Lyu, Xiaopu
AU - Jia, Mengwei
AU - Lou, Chenxi
N1 - This work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No: 2022YFC3703505 ) and the Research Funds for the Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University (Grant No: 090414380031 ). The authors also gratefully acknowledge the High-Performance Computing Center (HPCC) of Nanjing University for performing the numerical calculations in this paper on its blade cluster system. We would like to thank the China National Environmental Monitoring Station for making the hourly surface O 3 mixing ratio observations available and NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information for providing the meteorological data ( http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/ncdc.html ). The NCAR and EPA made the WRF and CMAQ models available, and we gratefully acknowledge them. Additionally, we also thank the MEIC team for providing the anthropogenic emissions ( http://www.meicmodel.org/ ).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors
PY - 2024/3
Y1 - 2024/3
N2 - Land-sea atmosphere interaction (LSAI) is one of the important processes affecting ozone (O3) pollution in coastal areas. The effects of small-scale LSAIs like sea-land breezes have been widely studied. However, it is not fully clear how and to what extent the large-scale LSAIs affect O3 pollution. Here we explored an O3 episode to illuminate the role of large-scale LSAIs in O3 pollution over the Bohai–Yellow Seas and adjacent areas through observations and model simulations. The results show that the northern Bohai Sea's coastal region, influenced by the Mongolian High, initially experienced a typical unimodal diurnal O3 variation for three days, when O3 precursors from Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, Shandong, and Northeast China were transported to the Bohai–Yellow Seas. Photochemical reactions generated O3 within marine air masses, causing higher O3 levels over the seas than coastal regions. As the Mongolian High shifted eastward and expanded, southerly winds on its western edge transported O3-rich marine air masses toward the coast, prolonging pollution for an additional three days and weakening diurnal variations. Subsequently, emissions from the Korean Peninsula and marine shipping significantly affected O3 levels in the northern Bohai Sea (10.7% and 13.7%, respectively). Notably, Shandong's emissions played a substantial role in both phases (27.5% and 26.1%, respectively). These findings underscore the substantial impact of large-scale LSAIs driven by the Mongolian High on O3 formation and pollution duration in coastal cities. This insight helps understand and manage O3 pollution in northern Bohai Sea cities and broadly applies to temperate coastal cities worldwide.
AB - Land-sea atmosphere interaction (LSAI) is one of the important processes affecting ozone (O3) pollution in coastal areas. The effects of small-scale LSAIs like sea-land breezes have been widely studied. However, it is not fully clear how and to what extent the large-scale LSAIs affect O3 pollution. Here we explored an O3 episode to illuminate the role of large-scale LSAIs in O3 pollution over the Bohai–Yellow Seas and adjacent areas through observations and model simulations. The results show that the northern Bohai Sea's coastal region, influenced by the Mongolian High, initially experienced a typical unimodal diurnal O3 variation for three days, when O3 precursors from Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei, Shandong, and Northeast China were transported to the Bohai–Yellow Seas. Photochemical reactions generated O3 within marine air masses, causing higher O3 levels over the seas than coastal regions. As the Mongolian High shifted eastward and expanded, southerly winds on its western edge transported O3-rich marine air masses toward the coast, prolonging pollution for an additional three days and weakening diurnal variations. Subsequently, emissions from the Korean Peninsula and marine shipping significantly affected O3 levels in the northern Bohai Sea (10.7% and 13.7%, respectively). Notably, Shandong's emissions played a substantial role in both phases (27.5% and 26.1%, respectively). These findings underscore the substantial impact of large-scale LSAIs driven by the Mongolian High on O3 formation and pollution duration in coastal cities. This insight helps understand and manage O3 pollution in northern Bohai Sea cities and broadly applies to temperate coastal cities worldwide.
KW - Mongolian high
KW - Sea-crossing transport
KW - Source apportionment
KW - WRF-CMAQ
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85173732981&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100322
DO - 10.1016/j.ese.2023.100322
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85173732981
SN - 2666-4984
VL - 18
JO - Environmental Science and Ecotechnology
JF - Environmental Science and Ecotechnology
M1 - 100322
ER -
