TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile in Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng)
AU - Ma, Xiao Qing
AU - Li, Su Mei
AU - Chan, Chi Leung
AU - Su, Tao
AU - Li, Wei Dong
AU - Cao, Hui
AU - Fong, David W F
AU - Yu, Zhiling
N1 - This work was supported by Grants FRG1/13–14/062 and FRG2/13–14/016 from the Hong Kong Baptist University, HKBU 262512 from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, HMRF11122521 from Food and Health Bureau of Hong Kong, and JCYJ20120829154222473 from the Science, Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen, China. We thank Dr. Alexander Kai Man Leung from School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University for his technical support and his help in the manuscript writing. The major equipment used in this study was substantially supported by a research Grant BCMRC/08-09/01RDD from the Baptist Chinese Medicine Research Centre Limited.
PY - 2016/7/6
Y1 - 2016/7/6
N2 - Background: Over recent decades, sulfur fumigation is becoming abused in processing some freshly harvested herbs used as both medicine and food, although it has been questioned whether sulfur fumigation will change the efficacy and safety of the herbs. One of the herbs commonly processed by sulfur fumigation is Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng in Chinese). Glycosides are the main bioactive components of Jiegeng. Up to the present, no study has been carried out to evaluate the impact of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile of Jiegeng. Methods: A rapid and versatile ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC UHD Q-TOF MS/MS) method was developed for comprehensive analysis of the glycoside profiles of sulfur-fumigated and air-dried Jiegeng samples. Results: Twenty-three glycosides were detected in air-dried and sulfur-fumigated Jiegeng samples. After sulfur fumigation, the peak heights of eight glycosides, namely platycogenin A, platycodin D, platycodin D2, platycodin D3, polygalacin D, polygalacin D2, deapio-platycodin D and 3"-O-acetylplatycodin D2, remarkably decreased; while peak heights of five glycosides, namely syringin, lobetyolin, platycoside E, deapio-platycodin D2 and deapio-platycoside E, slightly increased; in addition, peaks of ten glycosides, platycodin A, platycodin C, platycodin V, platycoside C, 16-oxoplatycodin D, 2"-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 2"-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, 3"-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 3"-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, and platycogenic acid B, disappeared. Conclusion: Sulfur fumigation caused significant changes of glycoside components of Jiegeng. Further investigations are warranted to explore how these chemical changes occurred and whether these changes would affect the efficacy and safety of Jiegeng.
AB - Background: Over recent decades, sulfur fumigation is becoming abused in processing some freshly harvested herbs used as both medicine and food, although it has been questioned whether sulfur fumigation will change the efficacy and safety of the herbs. One of the herbs commonly processed by sulfur fumigation is Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng in Chinese). Glycosides are the main bioactive components of Jiegeng. Up to the present, no study has been carried out to evaluate the impact of sulfur fumigation on glycoside profile of Jiegeng. Methods: A rapid and versatile ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultra-high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC UHD Q-TOF MS/MS) method was developed for comprehensive analysis of the glycoside profiles of sulfur-fumigated and air-dried Jiegeng samples. Results: Twenty-three glycosides were detected in air-dried and sulfur-fumigated Jiegeng samples. After sulfur fumigation, the peak heights of eight glycosides, namely platycogenin A, platycodin D, platycodin D2, platycodin D3, polygalacin D, polygalacin D2, deapio-platycodin D and 3"-O-acetylplatycodin D2, remarkably decreased; while peak heights of five glycosides, namely syringin, lobetyolin, platycoside E, deapio-platycodin D2 and deapio-platycoside E, slightly increased; in addition, peaks of ten glycosides, platycodin A, platycodin C, platycodin V, platycoside C, 16-oxoplatycodin D, 2"-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 2"-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, 3"-O-acetylpolygalacin D, 3"-O-acetylpolygalacin D2, and platycogenic acid B, disappeared. Conclusion: Sulfur fumigation caused significant changes of glycoside components of Jiegeng. Further investigations are warranted to explore how these chemical changes occurred and whether these changes would affect the efficacy and safety of Jiegeng.
KW - Glycosides
KW - Jiegeng
KW - Processing
KW - Sulfur fumigation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84977598164&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s13020-016-0101-1
DO - 10.1186/s13020-016-0101-1
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:84977598164
SN - 1749-8546
VL - 11
JO - Chinese Medicine
JF - Chinese Medicine
IS - 1
M1 - 32
ER -