TY - JOUR
T1 - Genomic basis of the giga-chromosomes and giga-genome of tree peony Paeonia ostii
AU - Yuan, Junhui
AU - Jiang, Sanjie
AU - Jian, Jianbo
AU - Liu, Mingyu
AU - Yue, Zhen
AU - Xu, Jiabao
AU - Li, Juan
AU - Xu, Chunyan
AU - Lin, Lihong
AU - Jing, Yi
AU - Zhang, Xiaoxiao
AU - Chen, Haixin
AU - Zhang, Linjuan
AU - Fu, Tao
AU - Yu, Shuiyan
AU - Wu, Zhangyan
AU - Zhang, Ying
AU - Wang, Chongzhi
AU - Zhang, Xiao
AU - Huang, Liangbo
AU - Wang, Hongqi
AU - Hong, Deyuan
AU - Chen, Xiao Ya
AU - Hu, Yonghong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2022.
Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge funding from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (14DZ2260400, 14JC1403902 and 21DZ1202000), National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470328) and Special Fund for Scientific Research of Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau (G222415, G192418, G182407, G182406, G172401 G162419, G152424 and G142435).
PY - 2022/11/28
Y1 - 2022/11/28
N2 - Tree peony (Paeonia ostii) is an economically important ornamental plant native to China. It is also notable for its seed oil, which is abundant in unsaturated fatty acids such as α-linolenic acid (ALA). Here, we report chromosome-level genome assembly (12.28 Gb) of P. ostii. In contrast to monocots with giant genomes, tree peony does not appear to have undergone lineage-specific whole-genome duplication. Instead, explosive LTR expansion in the intergenic regions within a short period (~ two million years) may have contributed to the formation of its giga-genome. In addition, expansion of five types of histone encoding genes may have helped maintain the giga-chromosomes. Further, we conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on 448 accessions and show expansion and high expression of several genes in the key nodes of fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, including SAD, FAD2 and FAD3, may function in high level of ALAs synthesis in tree peony seeds. Moreover, by comparing with cultivated tree peony (P. suffruticosa), we show that ectopic expression of class A gene AP1 and reduced expression of class C gene AG may contribute to the formation of petaloid stamens. Genomic resources reported in this study will be valuable for studying chromosome/genome evolution and tree peony breeding.
AB - Tree peony (Paeonia ostii) is an economically important ornamental plant native to China. It is also notable for its seed oil, which is abundant in unsaturated fatty acids such as α-linolenic acid (ALA). Here, we report chromosome-level genome assembly (12.28 Gb) of P. ostii. In contrast to monocots with giant genomes, tree peony does not appear to have undergone lineage-specific whole-genome duplication. Instead, explosive LTR expansion in the intergenic regions within a short period (~ two million years) may have contributed to the formation of its giga-genome. In addition, expansion of five types of histone encoding genes may have helped maintain the giga-chromosomes. Further, we conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on 448 accessions and show expansion and high expression of several genes in the key nodes of fatty acid biosynthetic pathway, including SAD, FAD2 and FAD3, may function in high level of ALAs synthesis in tree peony seeds. Moreover, by comparing with cultivated tree peony (P. suffruticosa), we show that ectopic expression of class A gene AP1 and reduced expression of class C gene AG may contribute to the formation of petaloid stamens. Genomic resources reported in this study will be valuable for studying chromosome/genome evolution and tree peony breeding.
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85142829162
U2 - 10.1038/s41467-022-35063-1
DO - 10.1038/s41467-022-35063-1
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36443323
AN - SCOPUS:85142829162
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 13
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
M1 - 7328
ER -
SDG 15 Life on Land