@inproceedings{a010464278a641c78ab73416cee5ab46,
title = "Gender Differences on the Perception and Production of Utterances with Willingness and Reluctance in Chinese",
abstract = "This study intends to explore the effects of gender differences on the perception and production of emotional intonation with willingness and reluctance. In the perceptual study, 20 native Mandarin listeners were instructed to rate perceived degree of willingness from the utterances (with willingness, reluctance, and neutrality) produced by 6 native Mandarin speakers. The rating results showed that 1) utterances of willingness and reluctance were more accurately perceived than those of neutrality; 2) female listeners were better at perceiving emotional intonation; 3) female speakers' utterances tend to be perceived as willing attitude. In the acoustic analysis, we selected the utterances which were validly rated and further analyzed their acoustic features, including fundamental frequency, amplitude, and speaking rate. Our findings suggest significant effects of gender on the perception and production of Chinese utterances with willingness and reluctance.",
keywords = "acoustic features, Gender differences, perception, reluctance, willingness",
author = "Wenqian Li and Wong, {Janice W S} and Tu, {Jung Yueh}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 IEEE. Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.; 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2020 ; Conference date: 04-05-2020 Through 08-05-2020",
year = "2020",
month = may,
doi = "10.1109/ICASSP40776.2020.9054268",
language = "English",
isbn = "9781509066322",
series = "ICASSP, IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing - Proceedings",
publisher = "IEEE",
pages = "7154--7158",
booktitle = "2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2020 - Proceedings",
address = "United States",
}