Fundamentals and synthesis methods of metal halide perovskite thin films

Metal halide perovskite thin films are promising optoelectronic materials owing to their tunable electronic energy bands, variable chemical compositions, and ease of fabrication. This chapter will elaborate on the fundamentals and synthesis methods of perovskite thin films. First, we will present an overview of the crystal structures, chemical compositions, and microstructures in perovskite thin films. Then, the nucleation and grain growth theories underlying the formation of perovskite thin films will be introduced. Following that, we will illustrate the updated thin-film fabrication methods at the lab-to-fab scales. Post-deposition treatment methods for improving the film quality will also be presented.