Fundamental movement skills in overweight and normal weight preschool children

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between BMI and FMS in preschoolers. Six hundred thirty-eight preschool children aged 3-6 years were included. BMI was calculated and expressed as kg/m2. FMS was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development: Third Edition (TGMD-3). The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between FMS and BMI. Gender difference in FMS raw scores was detected using independent samples t-tests. Age differences in raw scores were established using a one-way ANOVA. In non-overweight participants, only locomotor total score was negatively related to BMI (p < 0.05). In overweight/obese participants, negative correlations between overall FMS score, locomotor subtest, ball skills subtest, and BMI were observed (p < 0.05). Weight status had a negative influence on the relationship between total FMS score, locomotor skills, ball skills, and BMI (p < 0.05). Girls were predominantly better at locomotor skills and boys scored higher at ball skills (p < 0.05). There were significant age differences in FMS, except for the gallop. The present study suggests that FMS should be included in the exercise programs for preschool children to establish an active physical lifestyle and prevent obesity.