TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors affecting extracellular vesicles based drug delivery systems
AU - Gaurav, Isha
AU - Thakur, Abhimanyu
AU - Iyaswamy, Ashok
AU - Wang, Xuehan
AU - Chen, Xiaoyu
AU - Yang, Zhijun
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is supported by the Innovation and Technology Fund (ITF) of the Hong Kong Government (ITS/348/18FX) and the special development funding of Hong Kong Baptist University (SDF18-0319-P03).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/3/2
Y1 - 2021/3/2
N2 - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play major roles in intracellular communication and participate in several biological functions in both normal and pathological conditions. Surface modification of EVs via various ligands, such as proteins, peptides, or aptamers, offers great potential as a means to achieve targeted delivery of therapeutic cargo, i.e., in drug delivery systems (DDS). This review summarizes recent studies pertaining to the development of EV-based DDS and its advantages compared to conventional nano drug delivery systems (NDDS). First, we compare liposomes and exosomes in terms of their distinct benefits in DDS. Second, we analyze what to consider for achieving better isolation, yield, and characterization of EVs for DDS. Third, we summarize different methods for the modification of surface of EVs, followed by discussion about different origins of EVs and their role in developing DDS. Next, several major methods for encapsulating therapeutic cargos in EVs have been summarized. Finally, we discuss key challenges and pose important open questions which warrant further investigation to develop more effective EV-based DDS.
AB - Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play major roles in intracellular communication and participate in several biological functions in both normal and pathological conditions. Surface modification of EVs via various ligands, such as proteins, peptides, or aptamers, offers great potential as a means to achieve targeted delivery of therapeutic cargo, i.e., in drug delivery systems (DDS). This review summarizes recent studies pertaining to the development of EV-based DDS and its advantages compared to conventional nano drug delivery systems (NDDS). First, we compare liposomes and exosomes in terms of their distinct benefits in DDS. Second, we analyze what to consider for achieving better isolation, yield, and characterization of EVs for DDS. Third, we summarize different methods for the modification of surface of EVs, followed by discussion about different origins of EVs and their role in developing DDS. Next, several major methods for encapsulating therapeutic cargos in EVs have been summarized. Finally, we discuss key challenges and pose important open questions which warrant further investigation to develop more effective EV-based DDS.
KW - drug delivery systems
KW - exosomes
KW - extracellular vesicles
KW - targeted delivery
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85103863021&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/molecules26061544
DO - 10.3390/molecules26061544
M3 - Review article
C2 - 33799765
AN - SCOPUS:85103863021
SN - 1420-3049
VL - 26
JO - Molecules
JF - Molecules
IS - 6
M1 - 1544
ER -