Explaining union participation and citizenship: Implication for union strategy

This chapter considers the factors associated with members’ commitment to, and participation in, their unions, with the latter conceptualized broadly to encompass formal and informal activities. Key findings from the research literature are highlighted and the policy implications for unions discussed. A notable finding is that instrumentality does not fully explain why members commit to and participate in unions, with pro-union attitudes and ideological motivations also significant. Research findings suggest that unions need to go beyond narrow instrumentalism and should instead pursue a broader social justice agenda, perhaps, encompassing notions such as “community unionism”. Findings also suggest that this should be associated with a local union leadership style that emphasizes member participation and aims to build members’ sense of shared mission and self-worth as a union member. Finally, the chapter reviews future research needs, focusing on how researchers can help inform more effective union strategy.