TY - JOUR
T1 - Degradation of tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) by ultraviolet activated hydrogen peroxide
T2 - Mechanisms, pathways and toxicity assessments
AU - Luo, Zhujun
AU - Yuan, Lizhu
AU - Wong, Jonathan W.C.
AU - Zhu, Minghan
AU - Yu, Yuanyuan
AU - Wang, Kai
AU - Yin, Hua
AU - Tang, Shaoyu
AU - Niu, Junfeng
N1 - This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China (41907294), Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2024A1515011651) and the key lab of pollution control and ecosystem restoration in industry clusters, ministry of education.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2024/10/1
Y1 - 2024/10/1
N2 - The ubiquity and ecotoxicity of tri (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) in aquatic environments make it essential to develop efficient related treatment techniques. The present research aims to systematically explore the mechanisms and toxicity changes of TDCPP degradation through UV-driven hydrogen peroxide process (UV/H2O2). The results revealed degradation efficiency of TDCPP attained 95 % with 0.5 mM H2O2, corresponding to a reaction rate constant (k) of 0.04919 min−1. Furthermore, three typical chlorinated OPEs (Cl-OPEs) were simultaneously degraded by the UV/H2O2 process, with different degradation efficiencies, according to the following order: TCEP3–), chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO42-), and dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4-). A total of 12 intermediates were identified, which were generated through different pathways, including bond breaking, hydroxylation, and oxidation reactions. The Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T) results demonstrated stronger mutagenicity and developmental toxicity of the TDCPP intermediates than parent compound. According to RNA sequencing results, UV/H2O2-based TDCPP degradation for 20 min and 60 min still had negative effects on Escherichia coli (E. coli). Indeed, the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results further suggested the stronger negative effect (e.g., damaging effects on the cell membrane, energy metabolism, and vitality) of the 20-min oxidation solution on E. coli, followed by those observed in without treatment and 60-min oxidation solution. Therefore, longer oxidation times are required in the UV/H2O2 process to decrease the toxicity of TDCPP.
AB - The ubiquity and ecotoxicity of tri (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) in aquatic environments make it essential to develop efficient related treatment techniques. The present research aims to systematically explore the mechanisms and toxicity changes of TDCPP degradation through UV-driven hydrogen peroxide process (UV/H2O2). The results revealed degradation efficiency of TDCPP attained 95 % with 0.5 mM H2O2, corresponding to a reaction rate constant (k) of 0.04919 min−1. Furthermore, three typical chlorinated OPEs (Cl-OPEs) were simultaneously degraded by the UV/H2O2 process, with different degradation efficiencies, according to the following order: TCEP3–), chloride (Cl-), sulfate (SO42-), and dihydrogen phosphate (H2PO4-). A total of 12 intermediates were identified, which were generated through different pathways, including bond breaking, hydroxylation, and oxidation reactions. The Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T) results demonstrated stronger mutagenicity and developmental toxicity of the TDCPP intermediates than parent compound. According to RNA sequencing results, UV/H2O2-based TDCPP degradation for 20 min and 60 min still had negative effects on Escherichia coli (E. coli). Indeed, the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results further suggested the stronger negative effect (e.g., damaging effects on the cell membrane, energy metabolism, and vitality) of the 20-min oxidation solution on E. coli, followed by those observed in without treatment and 60-min oxidation solution. Therefore, longer oxidation times are required in the UV/H2O2 process to decrease the toxicity of TDCPP.
KW - Degradation intermediates
KW - Toxicity assessment
KW - Transcriptome sequencing
KW - Tri (1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate
KW - UV/HO oxidation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85203661412&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cej.2024.155690
DO - 10.1016/j.cej.2024.155690
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85203661412
SN - 1385-8947
VL - 497
JO - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF - Chemical Engineering Journal
M1 - 155690
ER -