Comparative analysis of functional assessment for contusion and transection models of spinal cord injury

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive secondary analysis of two spinal cord injury (SCI) animal models.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) and motor behavioral (BBB) assessments of the two most used rodent SCI models (contusion and transection), to elucidate their functional similarity and differences over the acute phase of 3 weeks.

SETTING: Neuro-electrophysiology SSEP and motor behavioral BBB assessments are used to provide a comparative analysis of the functional changes among various severities of contusion and transection SCI.

METHODS: Adult male and female rats randomly grouped (n = 5) as following: mild (6.25 mm), moderate (12.5 mm), severe (25 mm), and very severe (50 mm) contusion as well as right T10 hemi-transection (RxI), left T8 and right T10 double hemi-transection (DxI), and T8 complete transection (CxI) injuries, plus the control group (laminectomy with no injury). Animal weight, body temperature, anesthesia, surgical procedures, electrophysiological SSEP monitoring, locomotion BBB scoring, and statistical analysis were identical among all animal groups.

RESULTS: Statistical analysis of the SSEP and BBB data from both contusion and transection injury models indicate significant differences (P < 0.05). The results also show remarkable similarity for the severe and very severe contusion injuries to the complete transection, the moderate contusion injury to the double hemi-transection, and the mild contusion injury to the T10 hemi-transection injury.

CONCLUSION: Although contusion and transection spinal cord injuries have two completely different pathophysiologies, their injury progress during acute phase follow a similar trend.