Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction C1 Product Selectivity

Zhi Zhu; Wei Wang; Hongping Li; Jun Zhao; Xu Tang

doi:10.3390/catal15050408

Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction C1 Product Selectivity

Zhi Zhu
, Wei Wang
, Hongping Li
, Jun Zhao
, Xu Tang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The transformation of abundant and cost-effective CO2 molecules into valuable chemical feedstocks or fuels represents an appealing yet challenging research objective. Artificial photosynthesis offers a promising pathway for CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) under mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted significant attention for its potential to enhance the efficiency and selectivity of CO2RR through synthesis and modification strategies. This review explores recent advancements in g-C3N4 and its hybrid photocatalysts for selective CO2 conversions. We examine key factors influencing CO2RR product selectivity, including electron count and reaction dynamics, CO2 and reduction intermediates adsorption/desorption, and proton regulation affecting competitive hydrogen evolution. By summarizing various strategies to enhance CO2 photoreduction performance, this work provides a comprehensive analysis of CO2RR selectivity mechanisms for each approach. This review aims to inspire research endeavors towards developing efficient artificial systems for enhanced CO2RR efficiency and product selectivity.

Original language	English
Article number	408
Number of pages	28
Journal	Catalysts
Volume	15
Issue number	5
Early online date	22 Apr 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15050408
Publication status	Published - May 2025

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SDG 13 Climate Action

User-Defined Keywords

graphitic carbon nitride
photocatalytic CO2 reduction
photocatalytic mechanism
product selectivity
photocatalytic CO reduction

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title = "Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction C1 Product Selectivity",

abstract = "The transformation of abundant and cost-effective CO2 molecules into valuable chemical feedstocks or fuels represents an appealing yet challenging research objective. Artificial photosynthesis offers a promising pathway for CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) under mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted significant attention for its potential to enhance the efficiency and selectivity of CO2RR through synthesis and modification strategies. This review explores recent advancements in g-C3N4 and its hybrid photocatalysts for selective CO2 conversions. We examine key factors influencing CO2RR product selectivity, including electron count and reaction dynamics, CO2 and reduction intermediates adsorption/desorption, and proton regulation affecting competitive hydrogen evolution. By summarizing various strategies to enhance CO2 photoreduction performance, this work provides a comprehensive analysis of CO2RR selectivity mechanisms for each approach. This review aims to inspire research endeavors towards developing efficient artificial systems for enhanced CO2RR efficiency and product selectivity.",

keywords = "graphitic carbon nitride, photocatalytic CO2 reduction, photocatalytic mechanism, product selectivity, photocatalytic CO reduction",

author = "Zhi Zhu and Wei Wang and Hongping Li and Jun Zhao and Xu Tang",

note = "We gratefully thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22208127) and the Senior Talent Research Foundation of Jiangsu University (No. 23JDG030), and RGC Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme of Hong Kong (RGC-PDFS-2324-2S04). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland",

year = "2025",

month = may,

doi = "10.3390/catal15050408",

language = "English",

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AU - Zhu, Zhi

AU - Wang, Wei

AU - Li, Hongping

AU - Zhao, Jun

AU - Tang, Xu

N1 - We gratefully thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 22208127) and the Senior Talent Research Foundation of Jiangsu University (No. 23JDG030), and RGC Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme of Hong Kong (RGC-PDFS-2324-2S04). Publisher Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

PY - 2025/5

Y1 - 2025/5

N2 - The transformation of abundant and cost-effective CO2 molecules into valuable chemical feedstocks or fuels represents an appealing yet challenging research objective. Artificial photosynthesis offers a promising pathway for CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) under mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted significant attention for its potential to enhance the efficiency and selectivity of CO2RR through synthesis and modification strategies. This review explores recent advancements in g-C3N4 and its hybrid photocatalysts for selective CO2 conversions. We examine key factors influencing CO2RR product selectivity, including electron count and reaction dynamics, CO2 and reduction intermediates adsorption/desorption, and proton regulation affecting competitive hydrogen evolution. By summarizing various strategies to enhance CO2 photoreduction performance, this work provides a comprehensive analysis of CO2RR selectivity mechanisms for each approach. This review aims to inspire research endeavors towards developing efficient artificial systems for enhanced CO2RR efficiency and product selectivity.

AB - The transformation of abundant and cost-effective CO2 molecules into valuable chemical feedstocks or fuels represents an appealing yet challenging research objective. Artificial photosynthesis offers a promising pathway for CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) under mild and environmentally friendly conditions. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has attracted significant attention for its potential to enhance the efficiency and selectivity of CO2RR through synthesis and modification strategies. This review explores recent advancements in g-C3N4 and its hybrid photocatalysts for selective CO2 conversions. We examine key factors influencing CO2RR product selectivity, including electron count and reaction dynamics, CO2 and reduction intermediates adsorption/desorption, and proton regulation affecting competitive hydrogen evolution. By summarizing various strategies to enhance CO2 photoreduction performance, this work provides a comprehensive analysis of CO2RR selectivity mechanisms for each approach. This review aims to inspire research endeavors towards developing efficient artificial systems for enhanced CO2RR efficiency and product selectivity.

KW - graphitic carbon nitride

KW - photocatalytic CO2 reduction

KW - photocatalytic mechanism

KW - product selectivity

KW - photocatalytic CO reduction

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U2 - 10.3390/catal15050408

DO - 10.3390/catal15050408

M3 - Journal article

SN - 2073-4344

VL - 15

JO - Catalysts

JF - Catalysts

IS - 5

M1 - 408

ER -

Carbon Nitride and Its Hybrid Photocatalysts for CO2 Reduction C1 Product Selectivity

Abstract

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