Biomechanical Analysis of Latin Dancers’ Lower Limb during Normal Walking

Latin dance involves fundamental walking steps, integral to the dance process. While resembling daily walking, Latin dance demands higher balance levels, necessitating body adjustments by dancers. These adaptations affect dancers’ gait biomechanics, prompting our study on gait differences between Latin dancers (LDs) and non-dancers (NDs). We enlisted 21 female Latin dancers and 21 subjects based on specific criteria. Participants executed walking tasks, with an independent sample t-test for 1-dimensional statistical parameter mapping (SPM 1d) analyzing stance phase variations between LDs and NDs. Notably, significant differences in ankle and hip external rotation were evident during the 16.43–29.47% (p = 0.015) and 86.35–100% (p = 0.014) stance phase. Moreover, pronounced distinctions in rectus Achilles tendon force (ATF) (12.83–13.10%, p = 0.049; 15.89–80.19%, p < 0.001) and Patellofemoral joint contact force (PTF) (15.85–18.31%, p = 0.039; 21.14–24.71%, p = 0.030) during stance were noted between LDs (Latin dancers) and NDs (Non-dancers). The study revealed dancers’ enhanced balance attributed to external ankle rotation for dance stability, coupled with augmented Achilles tendon and patellofemoral joint strength from prolonged practice. Moreover, integrating suitable Latin dance into rehabilitation may benefit those with internal rotation gait issues.