TY - JOUR
T1 - Bioaccessibility, dietary exposure and human risk assessment of heavy metals from market vegetables in Hong Kong revealed with an in vitro gastrointestinal model
AU - Hu, Junli
AU - Wu, Fuyong
AU - Wu, Shengchun
AU - Cao, Zhihong
AU - Lin, Xiangui
AU - WONG, Ming Hung
N1 - Funding Information:
We wish to acknowledge the Food and Environmental Hygiene Department, Hong Kong SAR, for providing the Food Consumption Survey Report, and Dr. Jianqing Lin, Mr. Zhijie Liang, Mr. King Wai Chan, and Mr. Cheung Lung Lam, for their assistance in market sampling or sample analysis. We are also grateful to two anonymous reviewers, for their useful comments and suggestions on manuscript revision. This work was supported by the General Research Fund (HKBU 261510) and the Special Equipment Grant (SEG HKBU09) of the Research Grants Council of the University Grants Committee, Hong Kong and the Mini-AoE (Area of Excellence) Fund (RC/AOE/08-09/01) of Hong Kong Baptist University.
PY - 2013/4
Y1 - 2013/4
N2 - A systematic survey of heavy metal (HM) concentrations and bioaccessibilities in market vegetables in Hong Kong were carried out for assessing potential health risk to local inhabitants. The average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn in nine major groups of fresh vegetable varied within 0.007-0.053, 0.05-0.17, 0.05-0.24, 0.26-1.1, 0.62-3.0, and 0.96-4.3mgkg-1, respectively, and their average bioaccessibilities varied within 21-96%, 20-68%, 24-62%, 29-64%, 30-77%, and 69-94%, respectively. The bioaccessible estimated daily intakes (BEDIs) of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn from vegetables were far below the tolerable limits. The total bioaccessible target hazard quotient (TBTHQ) of the six HMs was 0.18 and 0.64 for average and high consumers, respectively, with Cd and leafy vegetable being the major risk contributors. Risk assessment of HMs from foods should be modified by taking bioaccessibility into account.
AB - A systematic survey of heavy metal (HM) concentrations and bioaccessibilities in market vegetables in Hong Kong were carried out for assessing potential health risk to local inhabitants. The average concentrations of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn in nine major groups of fresh vegetable varied within 0.007-0.053, 0.05-0.17, 0.05-0.24, 0.26-1.1, 0.62-3.0, and 0.96-4.3mgkg-1, respectively, and their average bioaccessibilities varied within 21-96%, 20-68%, 24-62%, 29-64%, 30-77%, and 69-94%, respectively. The bioaccessible estimated daily intakes (BEDIs) of Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Zn from vegetables were far below the tolerable limits. The total bioaccessible target hazard quotient (TBTHQ) of the six HMs was 0.18 and 0.64 for average and high consumers, respectively, with Cd and leafy vegetable being the major risk contributors. Risk assessment of HMs from foods should be modified by taking bioaccessibility into account.
KW - Cadmium (Cd)
KW - Contamination
KW - Estimated daily intake (EDI)
KW - High consumer
KW - Leafy vegetable
KW - Target hazard quotient (THQ)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84875052221&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.11.066
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.11.066
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 23273879
AN - SCOPUS:84875052221
SN - 0045-6535
VL - 91
SP - 455
EP - 461
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
IS - 4
ER -
