TY - JOUR
T1 - Associations between repeated measures of maternal urinary phthalate metabolites during pregnancy and cord blood glucocorticoids
AU - Sun, Xiaojie
AU - Li, Jiufeng
AU - Jin, Shuna
AU - Li, Yuanyuan
AU - Liu, Wenyu
AU - Zhao, Hongzhi
AU - Zhou, Yanqiu
AU - Jiang, Yangqian
AU - Liu, Hongxiu
AU - Xia, Wei
AU - Cai, Zongwei
AU - Xu, Shunqing
AU - Shen, Xiantao
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers: 21677056 , 81372959 , 21437002 , 81402649 , and 91643207 ], the National Key Research and Development Plan [grant numbers: 2016YFC0206700 , 2016YFC0206203 ], the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, HUST [grant numbers: 2016YXZD043 , 2015ZDTD047 ], and General Research Fund from Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [grant number: 12304117 ].
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers: 21677056, 81372959, 21437002, 81402649, and 91643207], the National Key Research and Development Plan [grant numbers: 2016YFC0206700, 2016YFC0206203], the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, HUST [grant numbers: 2016YXZD043, 2015ZDTD047], and General Research Fund from Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [grant number: 12304117].
PY - 2018/12
Y1 - 2018/12
N2 - Background: Previous studies have suggested that phthalates might disrupt fetal steroidogenesis. However, the evidence of the effects of prenatal phthalate exposure across pregnancy on fetal glucocorticoids was insufficient. Objective: We investigated the associations between urinary phthalate metabolites across pregnancy and cord blood glucocorticoids in a prospective birth cohort. Methods: Our study included 553 mother-infant pairs from a prospective birth cohort conducted in Wuhan, China. Maternal urine samples were collected at 14, 24 and 36 weeks of gestation (mean). Urinary phthalate metabolites and cord blood glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone) were measured. Generalized estimating equation models were conducted to explore the relationships of phthalate metabolite concentrations at each trimester and glucocorticoid levels. Results: Among the participants, mono‑benzyl phthalate (MBzP) in the first trimester was associated with higher cortisol/cortisone ratio concentrations, and mono‑(2‑ethyl‑5‑carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) and mono‑(2‑ethyl‑5‑oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) measured in the third trimester were associated with decreased cortisone. Moreover, the associations between phthalates and glucocorticoids varied by sex. Among the female infants, each 10-fold increase in several maternal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in 1st and 3rd trimester was associated with the increased glucocorticoid levels with percent changes ranged from 16.2%–55.9%. However, among male infants, each 10-fold increase in maternal urinary MECPP, mono‑(2‑ethyl‑5‑hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) and MEOHP in 3rd trimester was associated with 20.8%–36.3% decreased cortisol and cortisone levels, respectively. Conclusion: We have shown that prenatal phthalate exposure during early and late trimester disrupted the infant steroidogenesis and these associations might be modified by infant sex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate phthalate exposure at three trimesters during pregnancy in relation to infant glucocorticoids.
AB - Background: Previous studies have suggested that phthalates might disrupt fetal steroidogenesis. However, the evidence of the effects of prenatal phthalate exposure across pregnancy on fetal glucocorticoids was insufficient. Objective: We investigated the associations between urinary phthalate metabolites across pregnancy and cord blood glucocorticoids in a prospective birth cohort. Methods: Our study included 553 mother-infant pairs from a prospective birth cohort conducted in Wuhan, China. Maternal urine samples were collected at 14, 24 and 36 weeks of gestation (mean). Urinary phthalate metabolites and cord blood glucocorticoids (cortisol and cortisone) were measured. Generalized estimating equation models were conducted to explore the relationships of phthalate metabolite concentrations at each trimester and glucocorticoid levels. Results: Among the participants, mono‑benzyl phthalate (MBzP) in the first trimester was associated with higher cortisol/cortisone ratio concentrations, and mono‑(2‑ethyl‑5‑carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) and mono‑(2‑ethyl‑5‑oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) measured in the third trimester were associated with decreased cortisone. Moreover, the associations between phthalates and glucocorticoids varied by sex. Among the female infants, each 10-fold increase in several maternal urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in 1st and 3rd trimester was associated with the increased glucocorticoid levels with percent changes ranged from 16.2%–55.9%. However, among male infants, each 10-fold increase in maternal urinary MECPP, mono‑(2‑ethyl‑5‑hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) and MEOHP in 3rd trimester was associated with 20.8%–36.3% decreased cortisol and cortisone levels, respectively. Conclusion: We have shown that prenatal phthalate exposure during early and late trimester disrupted the infant steroidogenesis and these associations might be modified by infant sex. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate phthalate exposure at three trimesters during pregnancy in relation to infant glucocorticoids.
KW - Glucocorticoid
KW - Phthalate
KW - Prenatal exposure
KW - Trimester-specific
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054055073&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.037
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2018.09.037
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 30278310
AN - SCOPUS:85054055073
SN - 0160-4120
VL - 121
SP - 471
EP - 479
JO - Environment International
JF - Environment International
ER -