TY - JOUR
T1 - Arsenic contamination in the food chain and its risk assessment of populations residing in the Mekong River basin of Cambodia
AU - Phan, Kongkea
AU - Sthiannopkao, Suthipong
AU - Heng, Savoeun
AU - Phan, Samrach
AU - Huoy, Laingshun
AU - Wong, Ming Hung
AU - Kim, Kyoung Woong
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Matthew Polizzotto for his assistance in improvement of the English fluency in the manuscript and the Department of Chemistry at the Royal University of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, for providing a laboratory to process samples after field sampling. This project was financially supported by “Innovative Technology of Ecological Restoration” project at Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea.
PY - 2013/11/15
Y1 - 2013/11/15
N2 - In the present study, we investigated the potential arsenic exposure of Cambodian residents from their daily food consumption. Environmental and ecological samples such as paddy soils, paddy rice (unhusked), staple rice (uncooked and cooked), fish and vegetables were collected from Kandal, Kratie and Kampong Cham provinces in the Mekong River basin of Cambodia. After acid-digestion, digestates were chemically analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results revealed that the means of total arsenic concentration ([As]tot) in paddy soils and paddy rice from Kandal were significantly higher than those from Kampong Cham province (t-test, p<0.05). Moreover, a significant positive correlation between the [As]tot in paddy soils and paddy rice was found (r(14)=0.826, p<0.01). Calculations of arsenic intake from food consumption indicated that the upper end of the range of the daily dose of inorganic arsenic for Kandal residents (0.089-8.386μgd-1kg-1body wt.) was greater than the lower limits on the benchmark dose for a 0.5% increased incidence of lung cancer (BMDL0.5 is equal to 3.0μgd-1kg-1body wt.). The present study suggests that the residents in Kandal are at risk of arsenic intake from their daily food consumption. However, the residents in Kratie and Kampong Cham provinces are less likely to be exposed to arsenic through their daily dietary intake. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report estimating the daily intake and daily dose of inorganic arsenic from food consumption in the Mekong River basin of Cambodia.
AB - In the present study, we investigated the potential arsenic exposure of Cambodian residents from their daily food consumption. Environmental and ecological samples such as paddy soils, paddy rice (unhusked), staple rice (uncooked and cooked), fish and vegetables were collected from Kandal, Kratie and Kampong Cham provinces in the Mekong River basin of Cambodia. After acid-digestion, digestates were chemically analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results revealed that the means of total arsenic concentration ([As]tot) in paddy soils and paddy rice from Kandal were significantly higher than those from Kampong Cham province (t-test, p<0.05). Moreover, a significant positive correlation between the [As]tot in paddy soils and paddy rice was found (r(14)=0.826, p<0.01). Calculations of arsenic intake from food consumption indicated that the upper end of the range of the daily dose of inorganic arsenic for Kandal residents (0.089-8.386μgd-1kg-1body wt.) was greater than the lower limits on the benchmark dose for a 0.5% increased incidence of lung cancer (BMDL0.5 is equal to 3.0μgd-1kg-1body wt.). The present study suggests that the residents in Kandal are at risk of arsenic intake from their daily food consumption. However, the residents in Kratie and Kampong Cham provinces are less likely to be exposed to arsenic through their daily dietary intake. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report estimating the daily intake and daily dose of inorganic arsenic from food consumption in the Mekong River basin of Cambodia.
KW - Arsenic
KW - Cambodia
KW - Daily intake
KW - Foodstuffs
KW - Risk assessment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84887612397&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.07.005
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.07.005
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 22818591
AN - SCOPUS:84887612397
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 262
SP - 1064
EP - 1071
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
ER -