TY - JOUR
T1 - A tale of two city-states
T2 - A comparison of the state-led vs civil society-led responses to COVID-19 in Singapore and Hong Kong
AU - Yuen, Samson
AU - Cheng, Edmund
AU - Or, Nick H.K.
AU - Grépin, Karen A.
AU - Fu, King Wa
AU - Yung, Ka Chun
AU - Yue, Ricci P.H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by University Grants Commission of the Hong Kong Special Administration Region under [Grant number 6354048], the University of Hong Kong University Research Committee [Grant number 104005938] and City University of Hong Kong [Grant number 7200666].
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
PY - 2021/8
Y1 - 2021/8
N2 - The East Asian experience in tackling COVID-19 has been highly praised, but this high-level generalisation neglects variation in pandemic response measures adopted across countries as well as the socio-political factors that shaped them. This paper compares the early pandemic response in Singapore and Hong Kong, two Asian city-states of similar sizes, a shared history of SARS, and advanced medical systems. Although both were able to contain the virus, they did so using two very different approaches. Drawing upon data from a cross-national, probability sample Internet survey conducted in May 2020 as well as media and mobility data, we argue that the different approaches were the result of the relative strength of civil society vs. the state at the outset of the outbreak. In protest-ridden Hong Kong, low governmental trust bolstered civil society, which focused on self-mobilisation and community mutual-help. In Singapore, a state-led response model that marginalised civil society brought early success but failed to stem an outbreak among its segregated migrant population. Our findings show that an active civil society is pivotal to effective outbreak response and that trust in government may not have been as important as a factor in these contexts.
AB - The East Asian experience in tackling COVID-19 has been highly praised, but this high-level generalisation neglects variation in pandemic response measures adopted across countries as well as the socio-political factors that shaped them. This paper compares the early pandemic response in Singapore and Hong Kong, two Asian city-states of similar sizes, a shared history of SARS, and advanced medical systems. Although both were able to contain the virus, they did so using two very different approaches. Drawing upon data from a cross-national, probability sample Internet survey conducted in May 2020 as well as media and mobility data, we argue that the different approaches were the result of the relative strength of civil society vs. the state at the outset of the outbreak. In protest-ridden Hong Kong, low governmental trust bolstered civil society, which focused on self-mobilisation and community mutual-help. In Singapore, a state-led response model that marginalised civil society brought early success but failed to stem an outbreak among its segregated migrant population. Our findings show that an active civil society is pivotal to effective outbreak response and that trust in government may not have been as important as a factor in these contexts.
KW - Comparative politics
KW - East Asia
KW - global health policy
KW - pandemic preparedness
KW - public administration
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101023968&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/17441692.2021.1877769
DO - 10.1080/17441692.2021.1877769
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85101023968
SN - 1744-1692
VL - 16
SP - 1283
EP - 1303
JO - Global Public Health
JF - Global Public Health
IS - 8-9
ER -
