@article{906bb884cef2444abb99802954cf0fdd,
title = "A novel pathogenicity determinant hijacks maize catalase 1 to enhance viral multiplication and infection",
abstract = "Pathogens have evolved various strategies to overcome host immunity for successful infection. Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) can cause lethal necrosis in maize (Zea mays) when it coinfects with a virus in the Potyviridae family. However, the MCMV pathogenicity determinant remains largely unknown. Here we show that the P31 protein of MCMV is important for viral accumulation and essential for symptom development. Ectopic expression of P31 using foxtail mosaic virus or potato virus X induced necrosis in systemically infected maize or Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Maize catalases (CATs) were shown to interact with P31 in yeast and in planta. P31 accumulation was elevated through its interaction with ZmCAT1. P31 attenuated the expression of salicylic acid (SA)-responsive pathogenesis-related (PR) genes by inhibiting catalase activity during MCMV infection. In addition, silencing of ZmCATs using a brome mosaic virus-based gene silencing vector facilitated MCMV RNA and coat protein accumulation. This study reveals an important role for MCMV P31 in counteracting host defence and inducing systemic chlorosis and necrosis. Our results have implications for understanding the mechanisms in defence and counter-defence during infection of plants by various pathogens.",
keywords = "catalase, maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV), pathogenesis-related (PR) protein, salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defence, systemic necrosis, Zea mays",
author = "Zhiyuan Jiao and Yiying Tian and Yanyong Cao and Juan Wang and Binhui Zhan and Zhenxing Zhao and Biao Sun and Chang Guo and Wendi Ma and Zhenfeng Liao and Hengmu Zhang and Tao Zhou and Yiji Xia and Zaifeng Fan",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Dr Kay Scheets (Oklahoma State University) for providing the full‐length cDNA clone of MCMV (pMCM41), Dr Andrew Jackson (University of California, Berkeley) for providing the pGD vector, Dr Richard S. Nelson (Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation) for providing the BMV virus‐induced gene silencing vector, Dr Kostya Kanyuka (Rothamsted Research) for providing the FoMV‐mediated overexpression (VOX) vector (PV101), Dr Jianmin Zhou (Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences) for providing the plasmids for luciferase complementation imaging assay, Dr Chenggui Han (China Agricultural University) for providing the PVX vector and PVX CP antibody. We are indebted to Drs Xueping Zhou and Jianxiang Wu (Zhejiang University) for providing MCMV CP antibody. We thank Dr S. P. Dinesh‐Kumar (University of California at Davis) for his helpful suggestions for this research. We thank Drs Na Jiang and Linlu Qi (China Agricultural University) for microscopy assistance. This work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFD0300710, 2016ZX08003‐001), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31772135), the Ministry of Education of China (the 111 Project B13006), the Talent Project of Zhejiang Province (2019R52033) and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (2019SKLAB6‐19). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors New Phytologist {\textcopyright} 2021 New Phytologist Foundation",
year = "2021",
month = may,
doi = "10.1111/nph.17206",
language = "English",
volume = "230",
pages = "1126--1141",
journal = "New Phytologist",
issn = "0028-646X",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
number = "3",
}