@article{4a23f1626ad0458ba6629efe5b2cb936,
title = "A lymphatic route for a hyperbranched heteroglycan from Radix Astragali to trigger immune responses after oral dosing",
abstract = "Gut barrier makes a huge research gap between in vivo and in vitro studies of orally bioactive polysaccharides: whether/how they contact the related cells in vivo. A hyperbranched heteroglycan RAP from Radix Astragali, exerting antitumor and immunomodulatory effects in vitro and in vivo, is right an example. Here, we determined first that RAP's antitumor activity is immune-dependent. Being undegraded and non-absorbing, RAP quickly entered Peyer's patches (PPs) in 1 h where it directly targeted follicle dendritic cells and initiated antitumor immune responses. RAP was further delivered to mesenteric lymph node, bone marrow, and tumor. By contrast, the control Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide did not enter PPs. These findings revealed a blood/microbiota-independent and selective lymphatic route for orally administrated RAP to directly contact immune cells and trigger antitumor immune responses. This route bridges the research gap between the in vitro and in vivo studies and might apply to many other bioactive polysaccharides.",
keywords = "Antitumor immune responses, Intact, Polysaccharide, Radix Astragali, Targeting route",
author = "Quanwei Zhang and Lifeng Li and Shuang Hao and Man Liu and Chuying Huo and Jianjun Wu and Hongbing Liu and Wanrong Bao and Hongming Zheng and Zhipeng Li and Huiyuan Cheng and Hauyee Fung and Tinlong Wong and Pingchung Leung and Shunchun Wang and Ting Li and Ge Zhang and Min Li and Zhongzhen Zhao and Wei Jia and Zhaoxiang Bian and Timothy Mitchison and Jingchao Zhang and Aiping Lyu and Quanbin Han and Handong Sun",
note = "Funding Information: This work was funded and supported by HKSAR Innovation and Technology Fund (ITF), Tier 3, ITS/311/09, General Research Fund (12100615, 22100014, 12100818), UGC Research Matching Grant Scheme (2019-1-10, 2019-1-14, 2019-2-06), Health Medical Research Fund (11122531, 14150521, 17182681), National Natural Sciences Foundation in China (81473341, 82173948), the Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen (JCYJ20160531193812867), the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2020B1111110007), Hong Kong Baptist University (RC-Start-up Grants, MPCF-001-2016/2017, MPCF-002-2021-22, RC-IRMS/14-15/06, IRMS-20-21-02, FRG2/17-18/060 and FRG2/16-17/002), and Vincent & Lily Woo Foundation. We appreciate the advice from Prof. Ding Kan at Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Authors.",
year = "2022",
month = sep,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119653",
language = "English",
volume = "292",
journal = "Carbohydrate Polymers",
issn = "0144-8617",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",
}