重造文化身份讨论的措辞框架：霍尔理论遗产的学理性和方法论启示

文化身份这一概念出现在诸多学者的讨论之中,其中包括文化学者斯图亚特·霍尔(Stuart Hall)。通过深入审视霍尔论著中有关文化身份的讨论,本文试图将关于这一概念的思考与霍尔关于意识形态、表征与权力的理论进行联系。本文从霍尔关于国家身份认同、英国性(Britishness)及黑人性(Blackness)的讨论出发,进一步阐释他的文化身份观,即将其视作意识形态所渗透的权力关系结构中的话语位置。本文认为欲把握这一概念的复杂性和微妙性,应采纳一种考查结构性权力和"差异"概念的评判/文化视角。受到霍尔理论的启示,本文进一步就文化身份问题研究提出几点建议及说明。另外,本文认为采纳霍尔的理论和批判文化视角意味着提出新的问题和建立新的辩论框架,以推进多元文化社会中关于文化身份的讨论。

The notion of cultural identity appears in the discussions by various scholars,including cultural theorist Stuart Hall.Through a close look at Hall's perspective on cultural identity in his works,the article attempts to relate the examination of this notion to Hall's theory on ideology and power in representations.Starting with Hall's discussion on national identity,Britishness and Blackness,the article sheds light on his theorizing of cultural identities as discursive positions in an ideology-saturated structure of power relations.It suggests that the complexity and nuance of this concept is best captured by a critical/cultural approach that scrutinizes the structural power in play and the vector of difference.Informed by the Hall's perspective,the article further proposes several caveats and suggestions on the scrutiny of cultural identities.Moreover,it recognizes that the adoption of Hall's theories and a critical/cultural approach entails new questions being asked and a new framework being established to accommodate contemporary discussions of cultural identity in multicultural societies.