论《春秋左氏传旧注疏证》中的尊王思想

刘文淇少从舅父凌曙学，也曾授陈立《公羊》学，然而，在家学的渊源上，刘氏四代祖孙皆致力于《左传》，究其原因，实与刘文淇的尊王思想有密切关系。始于清初的一片“反杜”呼声下，刘文淇对杜预义例严加纠正，他利用古注辑存的成果，并凭借乾嘉时期典章名物考证日趋精进的优势，去例言礼，通过《春秋》褒贬揭示尊王之义。此外，在《疏证》的撰写上，刘文淇自称对沈钦韩《补注》“十取其六”，其中因袭了沈氏对杜预人格方面的怀疑，也据此驳斥杜注，申明《春秋》大义以尊王为本。

Liu Wenqi used to learn from his maternal uncle Ling Shu, a scholar of Gongyang Zhuan in Qing Dynasty, in his childhood. Hence Liu was familiar with the knowledge of Gongyang Zhuan and also taught these to Chen Li. However, the four generations of the Liu’s were devoted to the study of Zuo Zhuan. This is largely due to Li Wen Qi’s thoughts of honoring the Emperor. Liu made a serious correction on the rules in Du Yu’s annotation of ZuoZhuan, which was being strongly opposed by Confucian in the early years of Qing Dynasty. Taking advantage of the collections in annotations on classical books and the achievement of the philological models and methodologies of the Qian-Jia School, Li Wen Qi drove off the rules and emphasized the rites to state the thoughts of honoring the emperor. In addition, while composing the Connotation, Liu claimed that his book had followed Shen Qing Han’s annotation in great quantities, which showed skepticism on Du Yu’s personality. These explain why he rectified the wrong explanatory notes of Du Yu’s annotation in accordance with the thoughts of honoring the emperor.