清末域外北京官话教材中文学作品的改编与内容的规约

清末民初产生了一批域外北京官话教材，将元明清戏曲和小说纳入教材阅读篇目的范畴，经过北京官话口语语体的转变，从用词组句、内容和结构等角度，进行了删减和改编等深度加工处理。西方编者还特别增加了英文的翻译与注解，完成了语体、文体根本性的变化，融北京官话口语学习、跨文化双语阐释与汉文化推广于一体，最终实现了北京官话教材文学作品的口语性、趣味性和实用性。这些教材在早期对外汉语教学史、汉语教材编撰史、白话口语发展史上都具有特别重要的地位。

During the Late-Qing-Early-ROC period, abundant foreign textbooks of Beijing Mandarin were produced. Operas and novels of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were included in the textbook reading list after being further processed, deleted and adapted. Western editors also added English translation annotations, completed fundamental changes in language and style. They integrated the Beijing Mandarin oral learning, cross-cultural bilingual interpretation and Chinese culture promotion, eventually realized the colloquialism, utility and enjoyment of Beijing Mandarin textbook literature work. They played a key role in the history of early TCSL, Chinese textbooks compilation and vernacular colloquial development.