文本比較下的粵語《天路歷程》言說類動詞研究

粵語《天路歷程》是在北京官話《天路歷程》的基礎上改寫的。本文從文本比較的角度討論其中的言說類動詞，在與官話文獻做對比的基礎上，説明19世紀粤語言説動詞的主要特點。試圖追溯言説動詞的歷史發展來説明當時粵語言説動詞分佈層次。《天路歷程》所反映的粵語言說類動詞“話”與“講”各有分工，其中“講”的語義與其原型動詞的語義相關，强調動作……，動詞“話”分別繼承了元明以來漢語言説動詞“道”和“說”的特點，同時為區別動詞的“話”，粵語表示話語的名詞是由“説話” 一詞來承擔的，這些與元明白話小説的用詞有一貫性。

The Cantonese The Road to Heaven was rewritten on the basis of the Beijing Mandarin version of the same title. This article discusses the speech verbs from a text Comparison perspective. On the basis of comparison with the mandarin literature, it describes the main characteristics of the speech verbs of the Cantonese language in the 19th century in an effort to trace the historical development of speech verbs and explain their distribution in Cantonese at that time. As reflected in The Road to Heaven, the Cantonese speech verbs of 話and 講 each have a division of labor. The semantics of former is related to the meaning of its prototype, with the emphasis on action, while latter has inherited the characteristics of the speech verbs 道 and 說 since the Ming Dynasty, and has also been used to distinguish the speech verb 話. Cantonese nouns that express the discourse came from the word of 說話, which is consistent with the usage in vernacular novels of the Yuan and Ming Dynasties.