天人关系视域下“星象”的道德权力书写: 以“星月互动”的定性分析研究为例

对“天人关系”的探讨是中国古典思想的核心议题之一，但以往的研究中存在多面向、多学科阐释的复杂性。而其实，对星象的天文观察及构建其和人事活动的联系，是“天人关系”最直观、基础的反映。本文基于数据库检索的归纳研究方法，以《史记·天官书》中的“星月互动”为例进行定性分析，并参考对比《乙巳占》《灵台密苑》等星象古籍与印度吠陀时期的史诗神话，发现中国古代更多地将“星月互动”现象与政治权力结构联系在一起，而如印度《薄伽梵往世书》则强调其在宗教和哲学背景下的神话象征意义。本研究以此论述在天人关系视阈下，中国古代星象学与印度文明在文化、宗教与社会结构上的结构书写差异，并展示了数字人文方法在古典文本分析中的潜力，为古典文献暨跨文化研究提供新的视角和研究路径。

The exploration of the ‘heaven-human relationship’ is one of the core issues of classical Chinese thought. The astronomical observation of stars and the construction of their connection with human activities are the most fundamental reflection of the relationship between heaven and human. This paper aims to discuss the differences between ancient Chinese astrology and Indian civilization in terms of the social structure of moral power presenting in the context of ‘heaven-human relationship’, and to demonstrate the potential of digital methodology in the analysis of classical texts, in order to provide new perspectives for the study of classical literature and cross-cultural research. However, the complexity of multidirectional and multidisciplinary interpretation exists in previous studies. Based on this, this paper adopts the inductive research methods of database searching to qualitatively analyze the ‘interaction between the stars and the moon’ in the Shiji as an example and considers the astrological texts such as the Yisi Zhan and the Lintai Miyuan as well as the epic myths of the Vedic period of India. Hence, this paper finds that in ancient China, there was a greater emphasis on the interaction between the stars and the moon. It is found that in ancient China, the phenomenon of ‘star-moon interaction’ is more often associated with political power structures, while the Indian myths emphasize its symbolic significance in the context of religious philosophy.