大数据时代下新的 “个人决定” 与 “知情同意”

大数据技术的持续发展与广泛应用将为社会带来彻底转变，大众生活的不同层面将无可避免地受到影响。大数据亦同时在挑战隐私权、知情同意权等固有道德概念的适用性，并为社会带来新的道德争议。由大数据技术发展及其应用所产生的"互联状态"（the condition of interconnectedness）及其可能对道德责任带来的根本转化（fundamental transformation）是未来大数据伦理的重点;如"个人决定"及"知情同意"这两种行为，它们在大数据技术时代从"涉己行为"（selfregarding acts）转化成"涉他行为"（other-regarding acts），这一转变使它们成为一种新道德责任。

The development and application of big data technologies radically transform various aspects of our daily life. At the same time,big data technologies will challenge existing moral concepts such as" privacy","informed consent",etc. They will also lead to new ethical challenges. Here,the paper aims to explore an oft-neglected issue in the discussion,namely a fundamental transformation of our moral responsibility made possible by the introduction of big data technologies. I shall use" personal decisions" and "informed consent" and their transformation from" self-regarding acts" to" other-regarding acts" as examples to demonstrate the possibility of fundamental transformation of moral responsibility in the age of big data.