基于质谱成像和组学分析的环境毒理研究

生物体多器官的空间异质性导致环境污染物在生物体内的毒性分子机制错综复杂。基于传统化学和生物分析的环境毒理学研究,通常将研究对象看作“均一”整体,无法从空间上准确定位污染物及其代谢。以质谱成像和组学分析为基础的技术,同时对污染物、污染物代谢活化途径及其诱导的生物分子进行定性、定量和空间分析,从而确定污染物迁移、生物学效应及其毒性作用的靶器官,是目前最有前景的分析方法之一。本文综述了质谱成像和组学研究策略和特征,介绍了本课题组在相关领域取得的研究进展。同时简单展望了单细胞质谱成像、微流控芯片-质谱成像联合策略等先进技术在环境毒理研究中的潜在应用。

The spatial heterogeneity of multiple organs causes the complexity of the molecular mechanism in environmental pollutant-exposed organisms. The conventional environmental toxicology research based on chemical and biological analysis has been considered as a "homogeneous" whole, which is difficult to locate the pollutant and its metabolism in spatial level. As one of the most promising analytical method, mass spectrometry imaging(MSI) combined with mass spectrometry-based omics has been applied for the qualitative, quantitative and spatial localization analysis of pollutant and its metabolic activation pathways as well as biomolecule variation, allowing the screening of pollutant exposure-related target organs and investigation of the migration and biological effects of pollutants. Herein, we summarize the strategies and characteristics of MSI and omics in environmental toxicology. The future development and challenges are also prospected, including the single cell imaging, and the integrated microfluidic chip-MSI technique.