《古文字譜系疏證》初步研究

二零零七年，北京商務印書館出版了黃德寬主編的《古文字譜系疏證》（以下簡稱《疏證》）。該書收錄一九九八年底之前公佈的先秦各類古文字材料中有代表性的字形和辭例，並加以解釋。全書以聲首為綱，聲首基本上是形聲字的聲旁，從同一個聲首的古文字都被編排在一起，形成一個個譜系。這是迄今為止最全面的、為先秦古文字排譜的工具書。
《疏證》雖然經過反覆修改而成書，但由於體例龐大，材料繁多，不可避免存在紕漏和錯誤。本論文檢討《疏證》在編排體例、收錄字形、解釋字形、分析辭例等方面的問題，結合學術界現有的成果，甄別優劣，並以此為根據，糾正其可能的錯誤，指出其潛在的不足，以便編者將來進一步修訂，並讓讀者更有效地使用《疏證》，發揮這本工具書應有的價值。
同時，本文也對部分古文字的造字本義和用法提出作者自己的新見，為古文字學界提供參考。
In 2007, the Dictionary of the Pedigree of Ancient Chinese Characters (hereafter the dictionary), edited by Professor Huang Dekuan, was published at the Commercial Press, Beijing. The dictionary embodied and accounted for typical Chinese graphs and their exemplary usages chosen from different types of ancient Chinese written materials of the pre-Qin period known before 1998. The dictionary was arranged according to phonological principles, i.e. characters are arranged according to their pronunciation, or sorted by the phonetic components of the relevant phonograms (xingsheng zi). In effect, ancient Chinese characters with the same phonetic attributes are organized in the same pedigree. The dictionary by Huang et al., which systematically created pedigrees for all archaic Chinese characters of the pre-Qin period, is arguably the best of its kind. Owing to the enormous spectrum of materials and the overwhelming multitude of entries, the dictionary still leaves much room for discussion despite the great editorial caution and repeated revision before its publication. This thesis examines problems that underlie the principles of selection, arrangement and analyses of ancient Chinese characters adopted in the dictionary. Taking the latest research into consideration, the thesis attempts to amend possible errors and to point out debatable issues of the dictionary in the hope of helping the editors further revise the dictionary, and facilitating readers to fully utilize the book. The thesis also incorporates the author’s own opinions on the meanings of character formation and the usage of particular Chinese characters of the archaic period.