传统诗学视野中的白居易感伤诗

白居易诗集中有"感伤诗"一类,但他却带着贬抑的态度看待它。这种态度背后隐藏着诗学史视野以及一直被学界忽略的思想史视野。具体而言,感伤诗的核心内涵是日常生活中的感伤之情。白氏基于诗教观以及性情之辨观念,做出轻视感伤之情和感伤诗的价值判断。这也是感伤诗在其创作历程中由盛而衰的关键原因。白居易诗歌作为体现唐宋诗歌转型的典型之一,他对感伤诗的认识和态度,有助于理解"宋人的诗扬弃悲哀"的问题。这同时也是性情之辨此一哲学观念深刻影响文人生活以及文学的典型例子。 

Sentimental poetry is a significant type of Bai Juyi's poems; however, Bai treats it with a disparaging attitude. Behind this attitude is the vision of both Chinese poetic history and the history of Chinese thought. Specifically, the fundamental connotation of sentimental poetry is the sentimental feelings in daily life. Based on the criteria of Ethic Education With Poetry and Distinction Between Nature And Feelings, Bai intentionally undervalues sentimental feelings and his sentimental poetry. These are also the key reasons for him to gradually reduce the writing of sentimental poetry. Since Bai's poems is one of the typical examples for the poetic transformation from the Tang to the Song Dynasties, his understanding of and attitude towards sentimental poetry help to explain the statement that “poets in the Song dynasty sort out sorrows in their poems”. Bai's experience is also a case which indicates how the philosophical concept “Distinction Between Nature and Feelings” profoundly influences literature and the life of the literati.