丛枝菌根真菌与复硝酚钠在番茄育苗中的应用

研究了温室盆栽条件下接种丛枝菌根（Arbuscular mycorrhizal，AM）真菌以及添加复硝酚钠稀释液对番茄育苗的影响. 结果发现，在灭菌条件下接种AM真菌处理番茄根系AM真菌侵染率自2周起即保持在45%左右，且其地上部生物量在3周后一直显著高于不接菌对照（P<0.05），在接菌基础上添加1.8%复硝酚钠不同倍数（1×106、5×106和10×106）稀释液对番茄生长具有一定促进作用，其中以稀释5×106倍效果最佳；育苗6周后将对照、接种AM真菌处理以及在接菌基础上添加1.8%复硝酚钠5×106倍稀释液的幼苗各2株分别移栽到未灭菌土壤中，继续培养16周后发现，对照苗被土著AM真菌侵染，但结实率为0；菌根化苗AM真菌侵染率与土壤碱性磷酸酶活性均显著升高（P<0.05），番茄结实率达到50%；添加复硝酚钠稀释液的菌根化苗AM真菌侵染率显著高于普通菌根化苗（P<0.05），且与对照苗相比，土壤pH显著降低、电导率显著升高（P<0.05），番茄结实率达到75%. 结果表明，接种AM真菌对番茄育苗具有较好的促进作用，在接菌基础上添加1.8%复硝酚钠5×106倍稀释液对番茄幼苗生长和移栽后结实均具有更好的促进效果，具有推广应用价值.

A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and compound sodium nitrophenolate (CSN) dilutions on tomato seedling growth. In sterilized soils, the root mycorrhizal colonization rate of tomato seedling inoculated with AM fungi reached 45% after cultivating for 2 weeks, and its aerial biomass was significantly higher than that of the control after cultivating for 3 weeks (P<0.05). The amendment of different (1×10⁶, 5×l0⁶, and 10 ^x10⁶ times) dilutions of 1.8% CSN solution accelerated the growth of mycorrhizal seedlings to various extents, and the treatment with 5×10⁶ times dilution (AM+5M) reached the highest aerial biomass at week 6. Then, two seedlings from the control, the mycorrhizal treatment (AM), and the AM+5M treatment, were transplanted into unsterilized soils, respectively. After cultivated for 16 weeks, the plants from the control treatment were colonized by soil indigenous AM fungi, but produced no tomato fruit. Compared with the control, the root mycorrhizal colonization rate of plants from the AM treatment and the related alkaline phosphatase activity in the transplanted soils were significantly enhanced (P<0.05), causing a maturing rate of 50%. However, the root mycorrhizal colonization rate of plants from the AM+5M treatment was significantly higher than the one from the AM treatment (P&0.05), which reached a maturing rate of 75% and resulted in a significantly lower pH and a significantly higher electrical conductivity than the control (P&0.05). The results suggested that AM fungi accelerated tomato seedling growth and the rational combination of AM fungi and 5×l0 ⁶ times dilution of 1.8% CSN solution had better effects on growth of tomato seedlings and on fruiting after transplanting, which was worthy to apply.