Abstract
近年來,西方國家的公共電視由盛轉衰,并受到越來越多的争議,除了由於技術革命緩解了頻譜資源的不足而使更多的商業電視臺加入競争和新保守主義者當政削减公共開支等經濟原因外,與政府干預影窨了公共電視的編輯獨立原則也有很大關係。本文從公共電視制度的三種收入來源,即執照費、政府資助和美國的聯播網出發,把這三種收入來源歸納爲三種公共廣播模式,以解釋營運模式不單純是一種經濟哲學,而跟整個社會對公共電視的期望、以及它的廣播理念存在着密切聯係。任何一個社會,不管它的公共電視采取何種類型的收入來源,都有其特定的生存價值。因此,未來公共電視不但會繼續生存,而且會得到更多的扶持。
Recently, there has been a general decline of public TV in western countries. The emergence of new technology which gives rise to more air space, the neo-conservatives’ agendas to reduce subsidy to public utilities, as well as stronger interference from the government, all threaten the independence and even survival of public TV. The authors believe that there are real social needs for the continuance of public TV. Despite the fact that we may not agree on the specific mode of operations of these institutions, these Public TVs in fact serve for different social goals and purposes in different contexts. In this paper, based on their primary sources of revenues license fee, we classified three kinds of public TV: government grant-in-aid and the membership of affiliation. We found out that these three modes of funding is not just a matter of economic consideration. They match exactly three kinds of social, political and broadcasting philosophy in different states. For each society, a unique kind of public TV is needed. Therefore, public TV will not only just survive; but will also receive more support and aids.
Recently, there has been a general decline of public TV in western countries. The emergence of new technology which gives rise to more air space, the neo-conservatives’ agendas to reduce subsidy to public utilities, as well as stronger interference from the government, all threaten the independence and even survival of public TV. The authors believe that there are real social needs for the continuance of public TV. Despite the fact that we may not agree on the specific mode of operations of these institutions, these Public TVs in fact serve for different social goals and purposes in different contexts. In this paper, based on their primary sources of revenues license fee, we classified three kinds of public TV: government grant-in-aid and the membership of affiliation. We found out that these three modes of funding is not just a matter of economic consideration. They match exactly three kinds of social, political and broadcasting philosophy in different states. For each society, a unique kind of public TV is needed. Therefore, public TV will not only just survive; but will also receive more support and aids.
Translated title of the contribution | The Survival and Debates of Public Television in the World |
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Original language | Chinese (Traditional) |
Pages (from-to) | 63-73 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | 中國傳媒報告 |
Volume | 4 |
Issue number | 1 (總第13期) |
Publication status | Published - Feb 2005 |
User-Defined Keywords
- 公共電視
- 模式
- 收入來源
- 獨立運作
- 廣播制度
- Public Television
- Model
- Sources of Revenue
- Independent Operation
- Broadcasting Policy