不同产地“当归类”药材中藁本内酯含量比较

为探讨活性成分藁本内酯的含量与"当归类"药材的产地、性状、质量和品种的相关性, 应用HPLC-DAD-MS测定了30份不同产地的中国当归, 6份日本当归, 4份韩国当归和4份欧洲当归样品中Z-藁本内酯和E-藁本内酯的含量,以Z-和E-藁本内酯的含量之和为指标进行样品间比较。中国当归Angelica sinensis中藁本内酯的质量分数为5.63~24.53 mg·g-1,样品间差异较大, 平均值为11.02 mg·g-1(n=30)。其中, 云南、四川、甘肃和陕西产当归中藁本内酯的质量分数分别为13.90(n=6), 12.51(n=6), 10.04(n=13), 5.631 mg·g-1(n=1); 同一省内各县产的当归中藁本内酯的含量也有差异。药材性状以当归小、侧根多而细、断面色黄白、气味浓郁者,藁本内酯的含量高。6份日本当归A.acutiloba和A.acutiloba var.sugiyamae和2份欧当归Levisticum officinale中藁本内酯的质量分数分别为1.00(n=6), 2.78 mg·g-1(n=2), 为中国当归的9.12%,25.23%。4份韩国当归A.gigas和2份欧洲当归A.archangelica中未检测到藁本内酯。由此可见,不同产地中国当归的性状不同, 藁本内酯的含量和药材质量也有差异; 中、日、韩和欧洲当归原植物的来源不同,藁本内酯等活性成分有显著差异, 其功效也会不同, 不宜替代、混淆用药。

Bioactivity of Danggui is linked to the content of ligustilide, but the relationship between ligustilide with herb shape, cultivating areas and plant species is still unknown. The relationship was investigated by quantifying on the amounts of Z-ligustilide and E-ligustilide by HPLC-DAD-MS method, and then comparing the content of ligustilides (the sum of Z-ligustilide and E-ligustilide) among forty-four various "Danggui" samples containing thirty Chinese Danggui (CDG), six Japanese Danggui (JDG), four Korea Danggui (KDG) and four European Danggui (EDG). Results showed that the content of ligustilides in CDG samples (Angelica sinensis) was in the range of 5.63-24.53 mg·g^-1 with the mean of 11.02 mg·g^-1(n=30). Ligustilides amounts were varied among samples cultivated in different areas in China, i.e. 13.90 mg·g^-1 (n=6) in Yannan, 12.51 mg·g^-1(n=6) in Sichuan and 10.04 mg·g^-1(n=13) in Gansu. It was also found that ligustilides content was related to the shape, color and fragrance of herb, e.g. the relative larger amount of ligustilides was in the small main root, long rootlet and perfumed sample. Further, ligustilides contents were estimated to be 1.00 mg·g^-1(n=6) in JDG samples (A. acutiloba and A. acutiloba var. sugiyamae) and 2.78 mg·g^-1 (n=2) in EDG samples (lovage root, Levisticum officinale). However, ligustilides could not be detected in the four KDG samples (A. gigas) and two EDG samples (angelica root, A. archangelica). It has been concluded that ligustilide is significant variant among plant species, which may result in the variety of bioactivity and therapeutic effect.