The role of Interleukin 24 in regulating ocular inflammation: a novel cytokine for the treatment of autoimmune uveitis

Our preclinical studies highlighted the potential of IL-24 as an immunotherapy to reduce ocular inflammation in uveitis (Chong et al., Immunity, 2020; Zhang et al., IJMS, 2022). To successfully transfer preclinical observations to a clinical study, we will (1) dissect the molecular mechanisms by which IL-24 inhibits the retina-infiltrating autoreactive T cells and RPE cells in the eyes of EAU mice by single-cell RNA-sequencing; and (2) improve the delivery efficacy of IL-24 to the inflammatory eyes of EAU mice by designing a novel hydrogel-based delivery vehicle for controlled and sustained release. We have already verified the safety and efficacy of IL-24 to treat uveitis in several animal models (Chong et al., Immunity, 2020; Zhang et al., IJMS, 2022). Moreover, a positive clinical outcome has already been demonstrated for IL-24 as an anti-tumor drug in patients, indicating that IL-24 is safe for clinical studies. The project will establish the essential scientific principles and methodologies for the immediate transition to a clinical trial of IL-24 as a new immunotherapy for uveitis.